[...]with, their ="trms">animals


when ="ppl">="ppl">Despret is putting the ="trms">question of “do ="trms">animals work='qstn'>?” to breeders, it is a real experiment ='lgc'>: to explore the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer's pro="trms">positions with the breeders ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> to make them hesitate (='lgc'>~ is about ='strcls'>*what does it mean to speculate in such a way='qstn'>?='strcls'>*) ='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= means of knowing through information (to gather ="trms">data or opinions) ='lgc'>: “what do breeders think of X='qstn'>?"='lgc'>]


="ppl">="ppl">Despret’ amazing ="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">rigour ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> the only place that the ="trms">question (considering whether ="trms">animals do work) can be brought forward is the place where only the meaning as="trms">sociated with exploitation can ="trms">matter (in places where both humans and ="trms">animals are greatly mistreated)
="prgrph">-place where the evidence of such work is found, are places where ="trms">animals are industrially “produced” ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> their behaviors appear very de="trms">finitely as belonging to a work ="trms">relationship


="large lg2" stl="font-size:111%"> director of ="trms">animal resources ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (in such frame) ="trms">animal='lgc'>: occupy the place of an obscure underclass, malleable, serviceable, and disposable in the end

moder feeder operations ='lgc'>--Porcher='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">animals sometimes wanted to help

asking the breeders='lgc'>: could you help us learn how to ask our ="trms">question so that it has a chance of making sense to other people='qstn'>? ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> they also could explore the ='strcls'>*manner in which we were ="trms">obligated to ="trms">formulate our ="trms">questions='strcls'>*


(="ppl">="ppl">Harawayiean) ="trms">responsibility='lgc'>: a ="trms">relationship ="trms">crafted into ="trms">intra-action through which entities, subjects, and objects, come into being

lead cow (the one who trusts the breeder, and one the herd trusts, usually is in the front) ='lgc'>=/= dominant cow (in the hierarchy of the herd, is found in the middle of the herd)

="large lg6" stl="font-size:113%"> a theme in ="trms">animal ="trms">technicians
paying attention to ="trms">animals='lgc'> = being able to feel the limits that ="trms">animals ask us to take into account (more than ="trms">questions of well-being)


='lgc'>[many times='lgc'>] ='strcls'>*work often leaves no evidence behind='strcls'>* (='lgc'>=/= publishing)
='at'>@="nms">apass


ethology ='lgc'>==teaches='lgc'>='lgc'>==> certain ="trms">questions cannot be answered unless one constructs concrete conditions beforehand ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> those that allow the ="trms">questions to be asked ='lgc'>+ those that render those who ask capable of discerning the answer, capable of grasping it when it emerges

peace-maintaining ="trms">gestures of the cows

why the work of the cows was invisible='qstn'>?
='strcls'>*because work only becomes perceptible when the cows resist='strcls'>* (when they place limit on what can happen) ='lgc'>--shows='lgc'>='lgc'>--> when everything goes correctly it is because of an active investment on the part of the cows
='strcls'>***when everything happens as it should, we don't see the work='strcls'>*** (='lgc'>=/= notion of work in art)
='at'>@="nms">apass

(when they do what has to be done in ="trms">response to an order, cow's) obedience looks “mechanical” (='lgc'>='lgc'>~/=='qstn'>? ="nms">Cinderella's obedience ='lgc'>[='qstn'>?not in a mechanical age='lgc'>])
='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= art's work ='lgc'><='lgc'>== conflict that disturb this order of things='lgc'>]

(the fieldwork of ="ppl">="ppl">Despret helping me to realize that) ='strcls'>*the moments without conflict='strcls'>* are not something merely ="trms">natural, self-evident, or mechanical ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> they require from the cows (or someone whose work is invisible) the activity of pacification, in which they make compromises (groom each other, exchange ="trms">gestures of politeness, etc.)
="lsts lst1">•dogs and horses who are asked to serve as therapeutic assistants for humans='lgc'>: these ="trms">animals often have a passive air and seem to simply be letting things happen ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*their cooperation is based on a remarkable ability to hold themselves back='strcls'>* ='lgc'>[='lgc'><='lgc'>-- i saw this, in a theater piece for blind, i was sitting next to two assistant dogs, and could feel strongly their efforts to sit motionless in the dark within the crowds='lgc'>] ='lgc'>='lgc'>~='lgc'>~='lgc'>='lgc'>--> but non of this is perceived...

only by observing the many ways that cows can resist the breeders, doing something other than what is expected of them ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer could see how they are actively invested in the work ='lgc'>: when the cows show that they are unwilling to do what is wanted ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> their “good will” appeared (the effect of their willingness)
="lsts lst1">•this is an ="trms">interested problem ='at'>@="nms">apass, ='thdf'>the notion of asking participants to participate in an “active” way ='lgc'>=/= ="trms">animal work ='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> “working well for an artist='lgc'> = violating normative organization (recommendations, regulations, procedures, ="trms">codes, ="trms">specifications)"='lgc'> = تمرد tamarod recalcitrance='lgc'>: practical or collective intelligence appearing when intentional mistakes are made, or when feigned misunderstanding leads to active disobedience='strcls'>*****


Vicki ="ppl">Hearne ='lgc'>+ ="ppl">="ppl">Despret
why dogs often drop the stick they fetch a couple of feet in front of you. it is a way for the dog to give to the human a sense of the limits to the ="trms">authority that she is ="trms"nttrm="already,spread">ready to concede, with an almost mathematical precision, reminding us that not everything goes without saying ='heart'>♥


‘="trms">communication with ="trms">animals='lgc'> = being together engaged in work’ ='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•learning patience in regard to them
="lsts lst1">•respecting them as they are ='lgc'>==imply='lgc'>='lgc'>==> you know them ='and'>& recognise them
="lsts lst1">•

='at'>@="frds scrmbld"nttrm="Leonardo">Leo

we are required to think about people and ="trms">animals as ='strcls'>**connected in a single experience='strcls'>** (in which they jointly constitute their identities) ='at'>#="trms">chimera
='lgc'>='lgc'>==> (="trms">obligates us to consider) the manner in which they keep faith with each other ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> they ="trms">respond to each other through the consequences of their action ='and'>& their ="trms">responses are part of the consequences (='lgc'>=/= act based on shared assumptions)

='lgc'>{being a victim ='lgc'>==imply='lgc'>='lgc'>==> passivity ='lgc'>+ all its consequences='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*="trms">animal is not a victim='strcls'>* ='lgc'>[because:='lgc'>]
="lsts lst1">•saying “="trms">animal='lgc'> = victim” ='lgc'>=/= (="ppl">="ppl">Despret's) mode of being engaged in ="trms">question
="lsts lst1">•(don't forget that) ='strcls'>***تقصیرپذیری culpability is easier to tolerate than ="trms">responsiblity مسئولیتپذیری='strcls'>*** (because ="trms">responsibility prevents the ="trms">question from being closed)
="lsts lst1">•='strcls'>***a victim does not invite curiosity='strcls'>*** ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- curiosity is essential in ="trms">relations in which two beings learn to look and to look back (="ppl">="ppl">Despret ='lgc'>+ ="ppl">="ppl">Haraway)

victim ='lgc'>=/= (="ppl">="ppl">Despret’ ="trms">animal, ="frds">Sina's ="nms">Cinderella) more alive, more ="trms">present, they invite more ="trms">question ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> they get the chance to become ="trms">interesting
="lsts lst1">•a ="nms">Cinderella who does her job engages us in a totally ="trms">different manner than a ="nms">Cinderella who is the victim of the ="trms">authority of her evil mother and wicked sisters


(from a clinical standpoint ='lgc'>+ in human terms) ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]work='lgc'>: ="trms">gestures, know-how, the involvement of the body and the intelligence, the ability to analyze, ="trms">interpret and react to ="trms">situations='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•work transforms the ="trms">world
="lsts lst1">•work objectifies intelligence
="lsts lst1">•work produces subjectivity

work, not only has to do with economic rationality, but participate in other forms of rationality, in ="trms">relation to='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•identities
="lsts lst1">•in ="trms">relationship to God
="lsts lst1">•="trms">obligation and cures
="lsts lst1">•obedience to ="trms">Nature or mastering it
="lsts lst1">•moral rationality ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (="ppl">Marx's) work='lgc'>: de="trms">finitve form of expressing their life (a mode of life, Dejours='lgc'>: assertion of their existence)

‘work='lgc'> = a source of recognition’ ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> work =
="lsts lst1">•a source of pleasure
="lsts lst1">•a practice in the construction of our identities
="lsts lst1">•a judgment about beauty (of something being well done that ='strcls'>*relies upon the recognition of one's peers='strcls'>* ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> this is something i realized in ="nms">apass) ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> judgment about ='strcls'>*bond='strcls'>* (that concerns) the means of the work's doing ='lgc'>[and places where humans and ="trms">animals share things, achieve things together, accomplish themselves='lgc'>] (='lgc'>=/= the work as accomplished)='lgc'>: a ='strcls'>**reciprocal judgment (of bond ='and'>& beauty)='strcls'>** ='lgc'>[bond='lgc'>: judgment about the conditions of a life lived together ='strcls'>***even in ="trms">situations that are radically a="trms">symmetrical='strcls'>***='lgc'>] through which the breeder and his ="trms">animal ='lgc'>[also participants in ="nms">apass='lgc'>] may recognize each other

(="ppl">="ppl">Haraway's) work='lgc'>: a process that ="trms">crafts capabilites to answer for ='lgc'>+ answer to

="ppl">="ppl">Despret's notion of ‘judgment of the bond at the center of all ="trms">relations’ ='lgc'>=/= Wittgenestein (famous and meaningless observation='lgc'>: “if ="trms">animals could speak we would get shouted at every day” ='lgc'>: highly ="trms">anthropocentric notion of ="trms">animal as victim)


(Porcher's radical idea of) we work with ="trms">animals in order to be able to live with them, not the other way round

='lgc'>[="nms">Tehran's need of='lgc'>] speculative ="trms">fabulation='lgc'>: ="trms">stories that whets our appetite for possibilites, that open ="trms">imagination ='lgc'>=/= idyllic ="trms">story of a golden age

(="ppl">="ppl">Despret, Porcher, ="ppl">="ppl">Haraway) work='lgc'>: locus of unexpected encounter, the possibility of our ="trms">communication

="display:block;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:-1em;overflow:hidden;">...................................

eternal turtle

="display:block;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:-1em;overflow:hidden;">...................................

new ="trms">zoonotic infectious diseases ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> new human-="trms">animal ="trms">relationship
vast silent reservoir in aquatic ="trms">birds
confinement, deprivation, stress
global biodiversity crisis ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> there is no monopoly on ="trms">animal cruelty
mass-production of ="trms">animal suffering
unsanitary practices
(we make) mad cow disease='lgc'>: herbivores ='lgc'>--into='lgc'>='lgc'>--> carnivores ='lgc'>--into='lgc'>='lgc'>--> cannibals

="display:block;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:-1em;overflow:hidden;">...................................

='strcls'>*discussion across ideologies='strcls'>*
partisan mindset ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">social belonging='lgc'>]='lgc'>: ideology provides an ostensive set of tools (sometimes unconsciously) for analyzing a complex ="trms">social ="trms">world='lgc'> = orientation
="lsts lst1">•partisan operative mentality یک نوع ذهن عملی
="lsts lst1">•normal is ="trms">ontologically privileged over abnormalities (or vice versa)
="lsts lst1">•left-wing identity politics='lgc'>: reductive us-versus-them mentality ='lgc'>+ moral panic
i am influenced by the ="trms">demand of the other ='lgc'>[= (="ppl">Lacanian) ="trms">socio-psychic projection of a Big Other that stands in for the ="trms">presence of the ="trms">ontologically non-existent group ="trms">narrative='lgc'>] ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> moral grounds for living
(='qstn'>?) reverting back to your ="trms">material status (as private individuals) ='lgc'>=/= looking after ideological stability and economy
thins that don't work with when talking to partisan mentality='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•factual argumentation
="lsts lst1">•punching them
="lsts lst1">•="ppl">Kantian argument for the intrinsic value of all human lives
(what generally don't work='lgc'>:) reminding one's political rivals of facts ='lgc'>--='not'>✕='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (="ppl">Levinasian) the trace of the other


(='qstn'>?why i need or not need) intellectual adversarie ='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= caricatures for shooting practice='lgc'>]
(the banal and continuous hyper-polarized political partisanship of) ="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">right-wing populism ='lgc'>=/= ="trms">Social justice activism
(our agreement on) moral and ="trms">methodological ="trms">priority of the individual

="display:block;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:-1em;overflow:hidden;">...................................

https://merionwest.com/2018/07/31/purity-politics-is-ruining-progressivism/
prison='lgc'>: mechanism available to remove people from ="trms">society

='lgc'>[my problem with='lgc'>: political philosophy (of) authentic radical politics ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->='lgc'>] (academic or artistic) critical scholarship ='lgc'>[critical race theory, post-colonial theory, gender studies, etc. ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->='lgc'>{busy with ='strcls'>**="trms">systemic grievances='strcls'>** (white supremacy, colonialism, racism, etc,)='lgc'>} ='lgc'>+ left-wing identity politics ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*leftist purity politics='strcls'>*='lgc'>] universalizing a kind of moral complicity ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> a reductionist ="trms">social ="trms">ontology of guilt and victimization ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->='lgc'>{
="lsts lst1">•='thdf'>bad idea of the whole (liberalism) is ="trms">historically as="trms">sociated with, for example, colonialism ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> all of its parts (people, ideas, etc.) are equally as="trms">sociated with colonialism
="lsts lst1">•='thdf'>the idea of ="trms">modernity ='lgc'>+ the rise of the individual ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> (a sense of) loss of ="trms">community
='lgc'>='lgc'>==>
="lsts lst1">•participation
="lsts lst1">•horizontalism
="lsts lst1">•institutional distrust
="lsts lst1">•ad hoc organizations

forensic architecture='lgc'>: purifying itself of (and overcome) injustice ='lgc'>=/= meaningful progressive change

(Occupy movement, protest mentality ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> how left-wing purity politics missed the) consequences electoral capacity, electoral politics
(not knowing how to use) liberal institutions

="lsts lst1">•(thinking with Bruzzone ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->) we need more ='strcls'>*impure politics='strcls'>* ='lgc'>: (reform ='and'>& compromise mentality)
="lsts lst2">◦how to transform knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge into ='strcls'>*electoral mobilization='strcls'>* (='lgc'>=/= ="frds scrmbld">Pierre's ="trms">interest in ="trms">fiction, ="frds scrmbld"nttrm="Leonardo">Leo's ="trms">interest in a morally pure collective future)
="lsts lst2">◦how to form alliances with groups whom you have grave doubts
="lsts lst1">•we don't need ='strcls'>*hoard of like-minded people sharing collective ="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">anger and disgust at injustice='strcls'>*



post="trms">modern conservatism='lgc'>: ="trms">="trms">empirical / ideological
neoliberal ="trms">societies='lgc'>: hierarchies tolerated by citizens so long as the economy continues to prosper



something happens ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> together ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">social group

="large lg1" stl="font-size:138%"> entitative='lgc'>: the quality of groupiness, a perception that the people together are a group ='lgc'>: ='strcls'>*perception of similarity='strcls'>*

="trms">interaction based on ="trms">interdependence ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ="trms">social group

='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]group='lgc'>: experience of ="trms">social identity

="display:block;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:-1em;overflow:hidden;">...................................

='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]="trms">embody='lgc'>: empathetically experience ="trms">situations ‘from outside’
(="ppl">="ppl">Despret raising the ="trms">question) ='strcls'>*what can we do or what are we allowed to do with our bodies when we are with our ="trms">animals='qstn'>?='strcls'>*

='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]empathy='lgc'>: bodies that undo and redo each other (reciprocally though not ="trms">symmetrically) ='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= experiencing with one's own body what the other experiences='lgc'>]
='lgc'>='lgc'>==> possibilites of an ="trms">embodied ="trms">communication

feeling ='and'>& emotions are not alone in making up what life is all about

(="ppl">="ppl">Despret researching) ways in which ="trms">scientists’ bodies are actively being involved while they are observing ="trms">animals
='lgc'>--="frds">Sina='lgc'>='lgc'>--> becoming describable as a body ='lgc'>[that moves, walks, bears, diffuses, smells, makes noise, follows, ...='lgc'>]

the old rule of “human bodies shouldn't ="trms">interfere in a properly ="trms">scientific research process ='lgc'>=/= Lorenz='lgc'>:
...feed his jackdaw with worms
...attempted to teach him to fly
...swam with the geese
='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> Lorenz aimed at elucidating ‘meaning’ in and through the ="trms">relationships he sustained with the ="trms">animals he was studying ='lgc'>='lgc'>==>
="lsts lst1">•he understood for a little goose what mother is/means by letting his own body be caught in that meaning of mother
="lsts lst1">•he achieved what ‘companionship’ is/means for a jackdaw through being fed and playing with, and flying lessons
="lsts lst1">•
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>***what ="trms">matters in the ="trms">animal's ="trms">world='lgc'> = what bears meaning from their point of view='strcls'>***


="trms">presence
='strcls'>*if the ="trms">scientists body is evoked, it is never for itself nor is it named as such ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> when seeking the body, we are offered a surprisingly abstract concept='lgc'>: “="trms">presence” (under the guise of “="trms">presence of the observer”) ='lgc'>=/= body
="prgrph">-the ="trms">presence has no skin, it does not sweat, nor does it eat, sleep, dream, fear ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]="trms">presence='lgc'>: the perceived body which never acknowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edges itself as a body (there is no ="trms">presence that could be unperceived in one way or in an other)='lgc'> = dis="trms">embodied body ='lgc'><='lgc'>== ='strcls'>*="trms">science='lgc'>: the cognitive activity par excellence='strcls'>*
="lsts lst1">•ob="trms">literates the actual ="trms">presence of the observer ='lgc'>--understood='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (in terms of a) convenient and non-problematized split “="trms">presence ='lgc'>=/= absence”
="lsts lst1">•(='qstn'>?if these attempts succeed in) reducing the reactivity of the ="trms">animal to the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer ='lgc'>=/= ="nms">="trms">wildboyz
='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ‘not having a body'='lgc'> = a mean to pre="trms"nttrm="cluster,club">clude (to prevent or to avoid) ='strcls'>**the always possible reciprocity of the encounter='strcls'>** ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>--> aliens are watching us!='lgc'>]
='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ‘having a body’ discloses and renders perceptible (it is the actual condition of) the very existence of reciprocity of the encounter


how ="trms">scientists (and artists) construe their ="trms">presence in the field
='strcls'>*the will to be there without being there='strcls'>*

the problematic “="trms">animals react ='lgc'>=/= ="trms">animal don't react”

(also in art ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->) ='strcls'>***the regime of distrust of influence='strcls'>*** ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">fable of ‘artist's o="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">riginal ="trms">interiority'='lgc'>]


="prgrph">-='strcls'>*- what does ‘meaningful’ means='qstn'>? -='strcls'>*-

="trms">scientists aim to find new ="trms">methods to focus on those behaviors that are most meaningful to the ="trms">animals themselves
="lsts lst1">•Shirly Strum ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> I tried to let the baboons themselves “tell” me what was ‘important’ (-how a tree can tell you what is important to them='qstn'>?) -with the baboonss='lgc'>: nothing made them believe that she could be a baboon, so she decided after a while that she could try to urinate while staying among the baboons ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> surprise (='lgc'>=/= trying not to disturb the baboons with her body) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> her body (style, gender, smell, look, anime, etc.) made her enter into ="trms">relationships with the ="trms">animals in a new mode, ='strcls'>**as a living person (like them) she creates with them an ="trms">embodied proximity='strcls'>** (='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ="trms">embodied af="trms">finities) ='lgc'>[='lgc'><='lgc'>-- ="frds scrmbld">Jassem is very good at it. this happens as well in ="nms">apass research environment between artists='lgc'>]
  ='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to ="nms">Cinderella taking shower with her ="trms">birds in the attic ='lgc'>{urine, noise, surprise='lgc'>}
="lsts lst1">•Mark Bekoff ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> empathy='lgc'>: possibility of sharing feelings involves mirror ="trms">neurons (“I can feel the ="trms">animals”) ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= (an experiment to incorporate) ='strcls'>*to ="trms">embody ="trms">literally='strcls'>*
='lgc'>+ (Burghardt's) use of ='strcls'>*critical ="trms">anthropo="trms">morphism='strcls'>* (='lgc'>=/= Walt Disney) use of various forms of information (="trms">natural ="trms">history, perception, behavioral description, autism, ="nms">Cinderella, etc.)
="lsts lst1">•Temple Grandin (expert in factory plants for s="trms">laughter ="trms">systems) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*empathy without pathos='strcls'>* (for her and the ="trms">animals) ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]="trms">world='lgc'>: a swirling mass of tiny details ='lgc'>~ ='lgc'>[="trms">animal='lgc'>: autistic savant ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= special form of genius='lgc'>]='lgc'>='lgc'>--> a little plastic water bottle lying harmlessly, a shiny reflection, a yellow jacket hanging on a fence, all those turn out to be in their ="trms">world ='strcls'>*wrong details='strcls'>* (“I think the way ="trms">animals think”) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>****="trms">animals are visual thinkers='strcls'>**** ='lgc'>{='strcls'>*you have to see in details='strcls'>*_ ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- how ='mywrk'>my work changed visually from abstract to baroque while working on the ="trms">heritage of ="trms">zoology. ='at'>#="nms">Cinderella='lgc'>: which part of me ="trms">animals give new powers and meanings='qstn'>? that part is of other beings='lgc'>}
="prgrph">-='lgc'>{Grandin actively transforms mindless ="trms">animals into meaningful geniuses ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> gives them new powers ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> changes her='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*="trms">animals (or your ghosts, your subjects) are invited to other modes of being, other ="trms">relationships, new ways to inhabit the human ="trms">world ='lgc'>+ to force human beings to address them ="trms">differently ='lgc'>: ='strcls'>**disclosing unexpected af="trms">finities ='lgc'>==create='lgc'>='lgc'>==> new identities='strcls'>** (='lgc'>=/= empathy='lgc'>: tourism of the soul) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> identities do not pre-exist identification ='lgc'>: ='strcls'>*****previous construction of af="trms">finities ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> identity (is the outcome, the achievement)='strcls'>*****
(Grandin='lgc'>:) ='strcls'>*marginal essence ='lgc'>--transform='lgc'>='lgc'>--> partial perspective ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> af="trms">finities='lgc'>: (="ppl">="ppl">Haraway's) just-barely-connections='strcls'>*

='lgc'>}='lgc'>=/= romanticism='lgc'>: the belief that “feeling for another” belongs to some ="trms">sort of naive state of ="trms">nature


(='at'>#feedback='lgc'>: ways of showing the artists how they actively create the perspective that allows them to “see” ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ‘giving artistic feedback='lgc'> = being an ="trms">anthropologist on Mars’)

="ppl">="ppl">Despret anticipate finding some references to the body (beyond simple “="trms">presence”) in the work of ="trms">scientists ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> the ="trms">question of meaning ='lgc'>+ (its corollary) the ="trms">question of perspective

tick's perception='lgc'> = ="trms">world
(we know from Uexküll) one may indeed construct a perspective without involving the body - the perspective may be drawn partially from a mental process
="lsts lst1">•='strcls'>*="trms">animals only perceive things that have meaning for them='strcls'>*
="lsts lst1">•='strcls'>*="trms">animals construe meanings in acting='strcls'>*
Umwelt theory='lgc'>: a ="trms">scientist may make an inventory of what makes the ="trms">animal act and react ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> collecting ‘meanings’ the ="trms">scientist rebuilds the ="trms">world as each ="trms">animal perceives it ='lgc'>+ seeks for which meaning all these things take for it (='lgc'>=/= adopt the perspective of ="trms">animal)

the ="trms">scientist aims not just to understand what something merely ‘means’ for another being, but also how something ‘="trms">matters’ for it (='lgc'>~ the most meaningful)

="trms">language of perspective ='lgc'>--="ppl">Daston='lgc'>='lgc'>--> what does it mean to understand other minds
='strcls'>*="trms">sympathetic projection='strcls'>* ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>**perspective='lgc'>: apotheosis of subjectivity as the essence of mind='lgc'>] ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- a cultural shift='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•habit of ="trms">interior observation cultivated by certain forms of piety
="lsts lst1">•increasingly refined ="trms">language of individual subjectivity (developed in the 18th and 19th century novel)
="lsts lst1">•equation drawn between ‘sensory experience='lgc'> = self’ by sensationa="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list psychology
="lsts lst1">•economic (and political) individualism
="lsts lst1">•cult of ="trms">sympathy

perspective ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= ="trms">sympathy (with ="trms">science ='lgc'>+ ="trms">animals) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> an inappropriate form of subjectivity
="lstsrd">1. adopting ="trms">animal's perspective involves a d="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">angerous flirtation with ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]="trms">anthropo="trms">morphism='lgc'>: one putting himself in the ="trms">animal's shoe ='lgc'>='lgc'>~=='qstn'>? one actually put the ="trms">animal in human shoes
="lstsrd">2. perspective ='lgc'>==imperil='lgc'>='lgc'>==> necessary distance (or ‘sanitary cordon’ between the observer and the observed)
='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>==>
="lsts lst1">•="trms">anthropo="trms">morphism ='lgc'>=/= ="trms">science
="lsts lst1">•anecdote ='lgc'>=/= legitimate date
="lsts lst1">•nonhuman ='lgc'>=/= beliefs (='lgc'>='lgc'>--> you can't attribute belief to ="trms">animals)


(old dualism of) “="trms">Science ='lgc'>=/= non-="trms">science” ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= “="trms">imaginative (autobiographical, emotional) ='lgc'>=/= factual (neutral)” ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= “body ='lgc'>=/= mind”

(reconstruction of)
what is most meaningful for ="trms">animal
what is the perspective of ="trms">animal

='strcls'>*most meaningful='lgc'>: ="trms">affected perspective='strcls'>* (="ppl">="ppl">Despret) ='lgc'>=/= (Uexküll) ="trms">semiological perspective (of the tick)

(looking for or) focus on ="trms">affected perspective ='lgc'>==="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>==> (reveals) ="trms">scientists’ bodies in their practice ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> what having a body means (for ="trms">scientists)
='lgc'>+
(="ppl">="ppl">Haraway ='lgc'>='lgc'>==>) ='strcls'>*bodies are “made” by ="trms">scientific practices ='lgc'>[='lgc'><='lgc'>-- ='thdf'>that is why the ="trms">question of ="trms">science is important for whoever dealing or working with the body='lgc'>]
='lgc'>+
(="ppl">Annemarie ='lgc'>='lgc'>==>) bobies (that are made) are enacted multiples (in medical practice)
='lgc'>+
(="ppl">="ppl">Despret ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->) how bodies are undoing and redoing themselves through ="trms">different ="trms">scientific practices with ="trms">animals='qstn'>?='lgc'> = ='strcls'>*how are bodies growing multiples in diverse practices='qstn'>?='strcls'>* ='lgc'>+ (its corollary) ='strcls'>*how do each of these practices (='lgc'>+ ="trms">animals they are addressing) enact each of these bodies='qstn'>?='strcls'>*



Mowat's ='strcls'>*modest ="trms">embodiment='strcls'>* ='lgc'>==="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>==> partial af="trms">finities ='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= seeing like a wolf or mouse='lgc'>] ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> feeling or being like a wolf or mouse='lgc'> = ='strcls'>****to be taken in a radically non-psychological sense='strcls'>**** (='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="nms">Cinderella's non-psychological ="trms">relation to her ="trms">birds and mice ='lgc'>=/= contemporary western psychological subjects)
='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to ="nms">="trms">wildboyz, ="nms">Cinderella under a mouse regimen
="prgrph">-using his body as an experimental tool ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> eating a wolf's diet (='lgc'>=/= empathy, romantic dream of being a wolf)
submit his own body to mouse diet
one uses one's own body to meet the needs of another
Mowat used his own body as a means of generating ="trms">scientific proof, and turned it into an ="trms">apparatus for validity ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>--> how do we apply or misapply our body in artistic environment for generating truth and validity='qstn'>? to be careful with the context of ="trms">generalization='lgc'>]
(='lgc'>[artist's and='lgc'>] ="trms">scientist's) body='lgc'>: a ="trms">technical device, the witness
(companion ="trms">story ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->) ='strcls'>***to ="trms">embody the way other beings solve their survival problems='strcls'>***

“the business of curling up to start with, and spinning around after each nap” (was vital to success with a dozing wolf) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="nms">Cinderella's choreography of the morning ="trms">greeting ceremony

limits of endurance


i feld that i, because of my ="trms">specific superiority as a ="trms">member of Homo sapiens, together with my intensive ="trms">technical training, was entitled to ='strcls'>*pride of place='strcls'>* ='lgc'>=/= being under observation

Mowat's humour ='lgc'>=/= ="ppl">Derrida not ="trms">laughing at his own worries (concerned with='lgc'>: what distinguish ="trms">animals from man is their “being naked without knowing it”)
="lsts lst1">•naked body is a pretext, a pre-text for more philosophy
="lsts lst1">•="ppl">Derrida is talking to his colleagues (the very people who are ='strcls'>**seeking grandiose ="trms">difference='strcls'>** ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- also artists) ='lgc'>=/= a ="trms">difference that happens to him
="lsts lst1">•(my problem with the old tiring trend in philosophy ='lgc'>[after encounter with Manning='lgc'>]='lgc'>:) looking for locus of things ='lgc'>[a generality='lgc'>] ='lgc'>: talk about ‘the figure of the cat'='lgc'> = the allegory for all the cats on the earth (='lgc'>~ the felines that ="trms">traverses our myths and ="trms">religions, ="trms">literature and ="trms">fables)

='strcls'>***what the cat might actually be doing='strcls'>***
(this is my ="trms">relation to description, what is the ="trms">world, that cat, the demon, the mice up to='qstn'>? and use my best ="trms">imaginative ="trms">crafts and precise descriptive acts, the answers are many. that is not about de="trms">finition or defining ‘what is’ the cat that visits me or the spider in my room. i only try to well define concepts and not subjects. my style of ="trms">presenting ='mywrk'>my research on ="nms">ajayeb ="trms">bestiary='lgc'>: ="trms">narrating the ="trms">contingency of the ="trms">differences that happened and ="trms">mattered to me in particular ='lgc'>=/= philosophy)


wolves (='lgc'>=/= nomadic roamer) have strong feelings of property ="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">rights and they ritually and regularly mark their boundaries


what am i allowed to do with my body when i am with ="trms">animals='qstn'>?

(="ppl">="ppl">Despret ='lgc'>+ Strum ='lgc'>+ Mowat) using one's body to make the ="trms">animal ="trms">respond (='lgc'>='lgc'>--> does this make sense with humans='qstn'>? in ="nms">apass for example ='lgc'>--='qstn'>?='lgc'>='lgc'>--> use your body to make them ="trms">respond ='lgc'>=/= react)
='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Haraway='lgc'>='lgc'>--> a “good” (actually bad) ="trms">scientist='lgc'> = learning to be invisible, like a rock to be unavailable, as if ="trms">data-collecting humankind were not ="trms">present, seeing the s="trms">cene of ="trms">nature close up through a peep-hole, remove from the subject ="trms">animals’ ="trms">social environment
="lsts lst1">•(ignoring ="trms">animal ="trms">social cues) ="trms">imagining the baboons as seeing somebody off-="trms">category, not something ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> to be a ='strcls'>*nonentity='strcls'>* (tolerated but unobtrusive!!)
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]distance='lgc'>: a cognitive and ="trms">relational perspective ='lgc'>{what kind of distance, aesop ="trms">fables, Kelile Demne, or ="nms">ajayeb takes or keeps='qstn'>?='lgc'>}
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> learn to be ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]polite='lgc'>: (in the ethical, political, and ="trms">epistemological senses of the word) to ="trms">respond, to acknowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge, to look back, and ='strcls'>*to ="trms">greet='strcls'>*

='strcls'>****politeness ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> transforms you ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> in the way of those you are being polite to='strcls'>**** (='lgc'><='lgc'>--='qstn'>?='lgc'>-- ="nms">Cinderella's politeness)


companion ="trms">story ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> wich who we share food ='lgc'>{='lgc'>=/= with who we cook together ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- generated protocols ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> host, guest, house, power='lgc'>}



='lgc'>[(="ppl">Annemarie's) praxiographic enquiry into the='lgc'>] (="ppl">="ppl">Despret's) ="trms">embodied practices of knowing ='lgc'>[of (="frds">Sina's) ="nms">Cinderella='lgc'>]

='strcls'>**bodies enact ='lgc'>=/= perform='strcls'>**
='at'>@="frds scrmbld">Chloe, Mette ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (ironic) performing a protocol ='lgc'>=/= ="trms">embodied choreography
(contemporary choreography ='lgc'>=/= ="trms">embodiment)

(="trms">scientists and ="trms">animals are fleshy creatures which are) enacted and enacting through their ='strcls'>*="trms">embodied choreography='strcls'>* (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- ="trms">epistemological, political, ="trms">ontological)

="large lg14" stl="font-size:125%"> ="trms">scientist work ='lgc'>[observing, collecting events, meeting them, ="trms">writing about, inscribing them into theories ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> explain why they do what they do='lgc'>] ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ='strcls'>*makes their ="trms">animals more real='strcls'>*
='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> a praxiographic account ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>~= feedback='lgc'>] (paying attention to the way ="trms">scientists ="trms">embody their work) ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ='strcls'>*make ="trms">scientists more real='strcls'>*


(for ="nms">apass) we need praxiography ='lgc'>=/= philosophy or theory ='lgc'>[of artistic research='lgc'>]
="frds">Sina's note taking in ="nms">apass ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> how ='strcls'>*practices at some point become words='strcls'>*
='at'>#feedback in ="nms">apass ='lgc'>==make='lgc'>='lgc'>==> artists and their work more real
feedback ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ="trms">interpretive version ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> coexistence of the various versions of a multiple object (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- this is localized or ='strcls'>*="trms">situated='strcls'>* ='lgc'>: it happens “there” and nowhere else)
work of observation in ="nms">apass='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•conceptualizations of short-term ="trms">social exchanges
="lsts lst1">•conceptualizations of ="trms">agency-structure dynamics
="lsts lst1">•getting closer to the everyday activities of those speaking
="lsts lst1">•(context driven='qstn'>?) forms of analysis
="lsts lst1">•="trms">methodological repertoire
="lsts lst1">•note='lgc'>: com="trms">posites of ="trms">linguistic repertoires that are embedded in meanings (is part of what happens in ="nms">apass, not after what happens.) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> a form of di="trms">gestion='strcls'>***
='strcls'>*praxiography='lgc'>: forms of analysis produced by practice rese="trms"nttrm="search">archers, a type of ethnographic ="trms">method that converses with multiplicity (='lgc'>='lgc'>--> following a trail, walking a path ='lgc'>=/= map out a field ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= philosophy of artistic research), doctors ='lgc'>[analyst='lgc'>] and patients ='lgc'>[analysand, artist='lgc'>] ascribe meaning in ="trms">different ways ='lgc'>--="ppl">Annemarie='lgc'>='lgc'>--> yet they perform or enact reality together ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> they ='strcls'>*do the reality of a disease ='lgc'>[problem, artwork='lgc'>]='strcls'>*
='lgc'>+='lgc'>+='lgc'>{="ppl">Annemarie uses the term “enact” to show that objects (such as body and disease) exist as ="trms">articulations of the practices that produce them (='lgc'>='lgc'>~= ="ppl">Butler's performance), enacting (not explained by what went before, ="trms">present remains unstable, patterns and ="trms">routines and surprises) ='lgc'>=/= making (‘causes’ lie when ‘making’ happened)='lgc'>}
='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]theory='lgc'>: conversations about the realities our words help to explore (='lgc'>=/= seeking to fix concepts)
in knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge practice realities are various brought into being (='lgc'>+ limits of that adaptability) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*="trms">ontology='lgc'>:
='lgc'>--="trms">anthropology='lgc'>='lgc'>--> people order “reality” ="trms">seriously ="trms">differently
='lgc'>--biomedical='lgc'>='lgc'>--> why, when, where is this truth realized='qstn'>? what does it depend on='qstn'>? what are its alternatives='qstn'>? ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*="trms">ontology does not precede knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge practices='strcls'>* (various practices are closely linked ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ="trms">ontologies are linked ='lgc'>[='thdf'>for example a patient who talks to a doctor in a consulting room may receive a clinical diagnosis, while laboratory ="trms">measurements ‘do’ her disease in a ="trms">different way. or in artistic research environments such as ="nms">apass.='lgc'>])

(="ppl">Annemarie's) praxiography ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> asking what are the ="trms">techniques that make things (their ="trms">="trms">empirical, ="trms">epistemological found objects) visible, audible, tangible, knowable (for this artist in front of me ='at'>#feedback ='at'>@="nms">apass)='strcls'>**


‘empathy’ is a word that is often ="trms">recruited when bodies are involved ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> resonances with troublesome romantic meanings (magic, ="trms">fold knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge)
="trms">embodied empathy shifts its meaning from one ="trms">situation to another ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">different meanings ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ="trms">different outcomes
='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]empathy='lgc'>: the process by which one delegates to one's body a ="trms">question, or a problem, that ="trms">matters and that involves other beings’ bodies ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> bodies are ="trms">articulating and become ="trms">articulated in the asking and in its ="trms">responses
= making the body available for the ="trms">response of another being (='lgc'>=/= feeling what the other feels)
='lgc'>==create='lgc'>='lgc'>==> possibility of an ="trms">embodied ="trms">communication (='lgc'>=/= experiencing with one's body what the other experiences)
='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to ="nms">Cinderella's empathy='lgc'>: make one think with ='and'>& with the body
='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*empathy becomes a ="trms">scientific tool='strcls'>* that need to be shaped, forged, refined, ="trms">embodied, a tool that attunes bodies

='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]care='lgc'>: it ="trms">matters for them that it ="trms">matters for their ="trms">animals (='strcls'>***what ="trms">matters for the other person becomes your ="trms">matters='strcls'>***)

how to act in a polite manner in a baboon's ="trms">world='qstn'>? (or in an artist's ="trms">world, when we give feedbacks)
='lgc'>{seeing like a baboon ='lgc'>=/= acting like a baboon='lgc'> = cor="trms">responding with a baboon='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*they transform themselves in order to create partial connections='strcls'>* (James’ “acting as if”) ='lgc'>=/= performative
="lsts lst1">•to act with the baboons (learn how a tree gives you dirty looks, how it resists the pro="trms">position of your ="trms">presence)
="lsts lst1">•Lorenz's “becoming with”
="lsts lst1">•="ppl">="ppl">Despret's “the miracle of the attunement”

="trms">embodied ="trms">communication ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">responsible ="trms">relation ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> constructing the possibility of engagement

='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]="trms">responsible='lgc'>: the one who constructs him/herself in order to be available to a ="trms">respond

='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (to ="trms">imagine that we can actually) cor="trms">respond through the choreographic ="trms">language of our bodies

“traying to get knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge"='lgc'> = knowing for the sake of knowing ='lgc'>}='lgc'><='lgc'>-- 19th century adventure hunter ="trms"nttrm="search">archeologist imperialism

='strcls'>***(for James) ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]emotion='lgc'>: what makes us feel (='lgc'>=/= what is felt), an experience of making available ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> an occasion for others ='lgc'>: ='strcls'>****emotions ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> dispose our bodies='strcls'>**** (='lgc'>+ our bodies dispose our emotions) ='at'>@="frds scrmbld">Chloe
="prgrph">-if we want to feel an emotion, we can dispose our body to produce it (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- this was my ="trms">method in my early performances in 2014)

Lorenz, Strum, Smuts, ="ppl">="ppl">Despret
learn to become what it becames when it acts ‘as if’ ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*stakes of re="trms">liable knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge ='lgc'>: to thing with='strcls'>*

="display:block;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:-1em;overflow:hidden;">...................................

="ppl">Baxstrom ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">anthropology of the ="trms">anthropologist
="ppl">="ppl">Despret ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ethology of the ethologist

اشعیا Isaiah provides a vivid ="trms">imaginary of multi="trms">species bonds and flourishing='lgc'>: the wold will live with the lamb, the leopard will lie down with the goat, the calf and the lion and the yearling together; and a little ="trms">child will lead them

="large lg38" stl="font-size:126%"> ='strcls'>*nonhuman ="trms">animals are as much subjects of ="trms">history as humans are='strcls'>*

="prgrph">-why do we ="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">listen to prohpets='qstn'>?

quasi-theological and ="trms">anthropocentric notions such as that of the great chain of being

(the importance of) changing ourselves as humans ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> change ="trms">animals
="lsts lst1">•how changing human habits also gives other ="trms">animals a chance to change theirs='qstn'>?
='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]ethology='lgc'>: a practice of habits involving distance, knowing activity, politeness, milieu, alliance

(i am ="trms">interested in women) not because of gender ='lgc'>[= identity politics, political correctness='lgc'>], but because of ='strcls'>*their practice and the ="trms">question they pursue='strcls'>*

what parrots talk about
talking ="trms">birds and primates as subjective ="trms">interlocutors who can become persons in the exchanges allowed by ="trms">language


='strcls'>*they never posed the ="trms">question of knowing what a raven could, through this somewhat maniacal behavior, teach them about what ="trms">interested it='strcls'>*
="prgrph">-(curious) being always teach you what that being is ="trms">interested in

very bottom of the ladder of choices...

for ="nms">Tehran='lgc'>:
="lstsrd">1. ="trms">memory studies
="lstsrd">2. kalagh shenasi (raven studies) کلاغ شناسی

ravens, evidently, do not want to obey any of the rules that make research possible='lgc'>: the incivility that ex="trms">communicated them from the laboratoies of the behaviorists having al="trms"nttrm="already,spread">ready been stigmatized from the time of the Flood (in Noah's ark)

ravens are by all account unre="trms">liable ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- calling into ="trms">question the intelligence of their rese="trms"nttrm="search">archers, the pertinence of their models, and the solidity of their dis="trms">positives
='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to Kelile Demne

='strcls'>*the ravens ="trms">literally ="trms">recruit their rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer='strcls'>*
to ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]="trms">recruit='lgc'>: they will reveal to him the resolution of an enigma the difficulty and the ="trms">interest of which would be in ="trms">accord with what makes them impossible to study

(from) season ='lgc'>--to='lgc'>='lgc'>--> season
(from) enigma ='lgc'>--to='lgc'>='lgc'>--> findings
(from) hypothesis ='lgc'>--to='lgc'>='lgc'>--> tests
suspense and sudden turns ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> transform all that we know about ravens

the ravens ="trms">present a behavior that has no sense from the point of view of evolution

the “guilty” of the ="trms">story are given from the beginning

='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to ='lgc'>[="ppl">Daston's='lgc'>] ="trms">historian of ="trms">science (always knew how the ="trms">story ended)='lgc'>: ="trms">imagine you are the kind of a person who cheats when ="trms"nttrm="already,spread">reading mystery novels, and you ="trms"nttrm="already,spread">read the last page first to know who did it, and then when you ="trms"nttrm="already,spread">read the rest of mystery ="trms">story, you know everything is building towards this climax, you ="trms"nttrm="already,spread">read it in a very ="trms">different way than the person who has to retrace all that have been implanted in your way by the ="trms">author to throw you off the scent of the real villain ='lgc'>{='lgc'>='lgc'>==> you lose the ="trms">past in the image of the ="trms">present='lgc'>}
='lgc'>+ ="trms">scientist (who wish to have a) ="trms">story about ='strcls'>*why we believe what we believe now and why it is ="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">right='strcls'>* ='lgc'>[knowing that everything we know now will be overturned if not now later='lgc'>]='lgc'>='lgc'>--> pathos and progress of ="trms">science ='lgc'>{='lgc'>='lgc'>==> negates ="trms">science's enormous creativity and capacity for renovation='lgc'>}
="prgrph">-='strcls'>*="ppl">="ppl">Foucault showed how many more objects ='lgc'>[sexuality, etc.='lgc'>] have ="trms">histories (that we thought they don't, that they are constant for all humanity for all time for all cultures)


="large lg26" stl="font-size:133%"> ravens are capable of being silent when they don't care to be noticed

(the raven inviting the others to share in the party, when food is difficult to find ='lgc'>+ they are experts in hiding food items) eyes of an ethologist ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> why do ravens do that which the logic of evolution should prohibit them from doing='qstn'>? ='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> this motive will be not only a ="trms">matter of discovering but also of inscribing in the regime of proof

="large lg38" stl="font-size:135%"> hierarchical ladder ='lgc'>=/= great economy of conflicts

one-upmanship

(raven's) acts that appear to be useless, pertain at once to both the game and to the affirmation of ="trms">skill

='strcls'>**reciprocity of exchanges of good conduct='strcls'>**
="lsts lst1">•you are ="trms">interested in the ="trms">differences
="lsts lst1">•you are ="trms">interested in unexpected strategies
="lsts lst1">•you take into account the fact that the ="trms">animal does not cease to transgress the rules and models ='lgc'>+ that it is unpre="trms">dictable in its choices (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- ravens ="trms">demand this) ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> you adopt other ='strcls'>***criteria of achievement='strcls'>*** ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>--> in giving ='at'>#feedback to artists='lgc'>: understanding their ‘criteria of achievement’ (has nothing of an ambitious program about it, but) leaves their program totally open in regards to its realization='lgc'>]
="lsts lst2">◦for example (Heinrish explains) raven's criteria of achievement='lgc'>: the raven can ='strcls'>****procure resources from the environment and convert them to ="nms">a little more of itself='strcls'>**** (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- ='at'>@="nms">apass this is also what artists do, ='strcls'>*converting the environment into ="nms">a little more of itself='strcls'>*)
='lgc'>=/= theory of ="trms">sociobiology ='lgc'>{raven='lgc'> = an umpteenth ='thdf'>example of the “all purpose” model of the theory of the “selfish gene” ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> altruistic behaviors ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> transmit the greatest possible number of its genes to the population ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ravens who are altruistic ="trms">recruiters (sharing rare resources), costly from the individual point of view, can reap benefits in regard to evolution ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= ='strcls'>*the ="trms">animal simply obeys a relatively inflexible rule='lgc'>: help your relatives, ignore others, and you will multiply the copies of yourself='strcls'>* ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*your ="trms">animal will be similar to others and all the variations be nothing but details of the same motive='strcls'>* ='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= ="nms">Cinderella='lgc'>]='lgc'>}

how does the motive make the “crime” an achievement for the raven='qstn'>?
how (to ="trms">accord) this achievement (with that which) ="trms">translate to (the raven's everyday) survival='qstn'>?

(register of) negotiations of ="trms">interest and stakes ='lgc'>='lgc'>~/= (politeness of) “getting to know” by posing the ="trms">question, in terms of achievement, what it is that ="trms">interests the raven
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> to elucidate (not just what and how, but) why the raven does what it does
="lsts lst1">•the ravens will not show you straightforwardly what counts for them ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> you have to create ="trms">situations that permit the ravens to help you decide (among all the contesting ="trms">fictions) the ="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">right ="trms">fiction ='lgc'>[='at'>#artistic feedback as ="trms">fictioning='lgc'>]

dance of hesitation


(a cadaver لاشه, once a preditor, waiting for an imprudent raven) to reverse the ="trms">situation='lgc'>: to convert the ="trms">bird into ="nms">a little more of itself
='lgc'>='lgc'>==> salutary egoism='lgc'>: it would be better to be with many others in the case of this type of error

organization
cooperation
i find, you open

='strcls'>*work of the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer='lgc'> = leading the ravens to take a ="trms">position in ="trms">relation to his ="trms">fictions and hypothesis='strcls'>* (resisting those that don't explain, clarifying those that do) ='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>**the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer must create a dis="trms">positive that confers on the ravens “the power not to submit to his ="trms">interpretations”='strcls'>** ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- politeness of “getting to know” ='lgc'>{"getting to know you” does not necessarily turn on an attentive benevolence but on the art of finding the forces, and exchanging them, in an exercise of ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]rivalry='lgc'>: (constituted by) a clever mixture of complicity ='and'>& op="trms">position='lgc'>}

test of the intelligence and cunning (of each other)

(in the case of ravens ='lgc'>[and ='at'>#feedback in art='lgc'>])
theoretically ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> we understand nothing
practically ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> we have to learn their tricks to be able to approach them

='strcls'>**a ="trms">matter of finding the procedures that attest to the pertinence of explanations='strcls'>** (='lgc'>=/= a ="trms">matter of explaining/understanding them)


enigma ='lgc'>--='lgc'>{(like good detective ="trms">stories) inscribes the protagonists in a ="trms">relation of='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> rivalry هم اورى ='lgc'>: if you want to understand them you must try to be as smart and cunning than they are (not letting oneself be duped by appearances)

politeness ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> suspicion ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= respect (‘re-="trms">spectare’ to look twice)
="lsts lst1">•confidence without verification offers little guarantee as to its robustness

we want to witness in a re="trms">liable manner='lgc'> = we want that which we learn from the ravens is to be treated with confidence='lgc'> = we want to define ourselves as ="trms">authorized by them to speak in their names='lgc'> = we want to (required to) offer them the opportunity to show what they can do (with the ='strcls'>*great flexibility of our ="trms">interpretation='strcls'>*)


='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]="trms">trap
(enigma of the apparently inexplicable behavior) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*how to ask the ravens, with the same politeness, to take a ="trms">position in ="trms">relations to all the possible conjectures of the investigation='qstn'>?='strcls'>* how to ask them to teach us the good explanation, the ="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">right motive='qstn'>? ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer will have to learn the ='strcls'>***art of the ="trms">trap and the net='strcls'>***='lgc'> = the art of the ="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lure and the trick='lgc'> = ='strcls'>***the art of learning from those whose enigma you are trying to solve='strcls'>*** (and have no intention of helping you) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ‘how that which counts can count for them’
="lsts lst1">•='strcls'>*the art of metis / cunning intelligence='strcls'>* ='lgc'>: the particular form of intelligence that the ="trms">greeks (learning from hunters and fishermen) cultivated='lgc'> = intuition شهود ='lgc'>+ cunning مکر ='lgc'>+ perspicacity فراست ='lgc'>+ dissimulation فریب ='lgc'>+ improvisation بدیهه ='lgc'>+ vigilant attention هوشيار ='lgc'>+ sense of timeliness بجا (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- this type of “getting to know” was constituted exaclty to be found in a domain where human intelligence is constantly at grips with the land or sea ="trms">animals in an are where humans saw their intelligence and ="trms">techniques transform in learning from ="trms">animals='strcls'>**** ='lgc'>[-how to prolong the possibility of this transformation='qstn'>?='lgc'>]) ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- ='strcls'>*it is the only way of getting to know that can hope to address intelligent highly flexible='strcls'>* (="ppl">="ppl">Despret > Heinrish)='lgc'> = ravens who require of those who want to know them the same flexibility and the same intelligence
='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>-->='lgc'>[="trms"nttrm="already,spread">reading ="nms">ajayeb ="trms">bestiary as enigma; ="nms">Bambi's mother studies; little mermaid; (using ="ppl">="ppl">Despret's ethological research to think about) art of feedback ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= getting to know you ='lgc'>=/= audience engagement='lgc'>]


strange politeness
art of cunning (="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lures ='lgc'>+ manipulation) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> enticing ravens
='strcls'>*seeing without being seen='strcls'>*
="trms">obliging them ='lgc'>: ="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">luring them to actualize the choices ='lgc'>: ='strcls'>***creating ="trms">situations as if they were ="trms">natural='strcls'>*** (so as to let the ="trms">birds do the talking)
(it is a ="trms">matter of) rendering them more robust ='lgc'>[giving them the occasion to resists, of giving them ='strcls'>*the power to send the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer/="trms">storyteller to work='strcls'>* ='lgc'>=/= to dis="trms">articulate (what ="ppl">Ferdosi does in Shahnameh to the Div)='lgc'>]


to find an enticement that ="trms">interests them ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= to let himself be ="trms">recruited by them
='lgc'>[from Latin “cresc-” grow, rise ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> crescent, crew, decrease, crescendo, ="trms">recruit='lgc'>]

to trust them='lgc'> = to act like them
='at'>@="nms">apass feedback (="trms">differential knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge that is created because of not trusting)


the ="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lure could be used to ="trms">respond to this ="trms">question='lgc'>: the ravens fall for the trick
...not only do the ravens not ="trms">respond to ="trms">questions but they pose new ones

="prgrph">-how could we ask them (the ravens, trees, etc.) to verify our hypothesis (about them)='qstn'>?

='strcls'>*he has no answers ='lgc'>=/= he has nine hypothesis='strcls'>*


biological detective ="trms">stories

curiosity (for the things you discover that you don't know) ='lgc'><='lgc'>== the more you know

more cunning
more ="trms">imagination
more activities
='lgc'>--to='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">obligate ravens to choose between hypothesis

='lgc'>{ Heinrish='lgc'>: “It is still dark, and I'm al="trms"nttrm="already,spread">ready being awakened by raven calls! Several ="trms">birds are flying over Kaflunk making short, high-pitched calls that are unlike the usual quorks. These calls convey ex="trms">citement. The ="trms">birds are flying to a kill! I feel it. Even I can understand, and I too am ="trms">recruited” ='lgc'>}='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>***if this ="trms">recruitment by nonhumans was able to acquire such an efficacy, it is because the human was transformed by those whose enigma he was trying to understand='strcls'>*** ='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= ="trms">animal ="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">rights activist ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> evidence arrive in the form of a weakened raven that has to be saved='lgc'>]

='strcls'>***letting himself be drawn into their enigma='lgc'> = converting the environment into ="nms">a little more of himself ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> he learned to become sensitive to what makes the ravens sensitive='strcls'>*** (="nms">Cinderella's mice learned that about her)

Heinrish ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> I, as a mammal for whom they are not intended, can feel ='lgc'>[...='lgc'>] I also feel I can detect a raven's surprise, happiness, bravado, and self-aggrandizement

="large lg38" stl="font-size:123%">
(recognizing one another ='lgc'>='lgc'>==>) to go by way of what the ravens ="trms">demand ='lgc'>--="nms">Cinderella='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*progress often depends more on how well one follows the ="trms">situation than on how well one controls='strcls'>* (especially when control is difficult)
="lsts lst1">•one must learn to ask them to give evidence ="trms">differently and to try to understand ='strcls'>*how a raven ponders a ="trms">question='strcls'>*


and now, when everything is suddenly new, this ="trms">bird acts as if nothing is out of the ordinary! ='lgc'>[...='lgc'>] I can only guess that they see it not as an absolute but as departures from the accepted. when everything is ="trms">different, then comparisons cease, and almost anything can be accepted -Heinrish
(='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">integration)


tame
="trms">questions that the other ones do not allow to be asked
tamed and be tamed to better find out what ="trms">matters from a raven's point of view
gain the trust to ="trms">respond to the ="trms">demands of the politeness of ='strcls'>*getting to know='strcls'>*
="lsts lst1">•the dis="trms">positive of taming then proves to be a privileged access of “getting to know” ='lgc'>: it actualizes competences that have less chance of occuring in usual conditions (those of the ="trms">birds and those of the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer) ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> transforms habits (those of the ="trms">birds and those of the one who investigate them)

aviary مرغدانی

the most adventurous ='and'>& the most curious ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> the most attached to the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer (to ="nms">Cinderella) ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> hierarchy takes shape as a function of bravery ='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= bravery of adventure in the shape of radical detachment and fluidity='lgc'>]

(when) ='strcls'>*investigator becomes biographer='strcls'>* (='lgc'>='lgc'>==> the ="trms">story changes)

(how when why) the fact of ="trms">recruiting must be linked to de="trms">monstrations of bravery

="trms">position in the hierarchy
manner of ="trms">recruiting


shyness='lgc'>: dancing a little dance of hesitation


(="ppl">="ppl">Despret's account of how Heinrish succeeded in) ="trms">recruiting the ravens around his problem ='lgc'><='lgc'>~='lgc'>~='lgc'>~='lgc'>~> ='strcls'>*he sufficiently ="trms">recruited himself to invent pertinent ways of addressing them='strcls'>* ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> the models are now commensurate متناسب with their unpre="trms">dictability
='at'>@="nms">apass

Heinrish becomes their expert and their re="trms">liable spokesperson ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> (like ="frds scrmbld">Pierre) he could now convince and ="trms">interest his colleagues in terms that count for them (='lgc'>='lgc'>==> enroll other rese="trms"nttrm="search">archers to pose other ="trms">questions) ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> he could bear witness for them
='lgc'>=/= Hitchcock's the ="trms">birds ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">nature turned to ="trms">horror, based on in Germany in mid-1990s fifty ravens invaded the idyllie Swabian Alps region... ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> their killing would be necessary
(chain of ="trms">recruitment='lgc'>:) the German ravens had in thier turn succeeded in ="trms">recruiting the re="trms">presentative of the american ravens, and Heinrish was able to ="trms">recruit ="trms">ecologists, who in their turn mobilized experts and politicians, who themselves modified the habits of the owners of the cows and sheep... ='lgc'>[='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to ="ppl">Tsing's coalescence='lgc'>]

='strcls'>***amazing ="trms">inter="trms">specific ="trms">recruitment='strcls'>***


="large lg6" stl="font-size:131%"> ="frds">Sina ='lgc'>--telegram='lgc'>='lgc'>--> visual ="trms">animal ='lgc'>--inventing='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">hallucinating ='lgc'>--spoiled='lgc'>='lgc'>--> dis="trms">sociated
="frds scrmbld"nttrm="Godard">Goda ='lgc'>--Boicic='lgc'>='lgc'>--> wounded dog ='lgc'>--saving='lgc'>='lgc'>--> mothering ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> traumatized (left alone)

="large lg10" stl="font-size:112%">
wolf observers
Heinrish's colleagues who study wolves in Yellowstone ="trms">Natural Park
the peaceful cohabitation between the wolves and ravens
in Yellowstone when the ravens are in the ="trms">presence of wolves, do not de="trms">monstrate any timidity and do not hesitate a second before eating ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> the wolves allow ravens to conquer their fear ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> wolves changed the constrains that hold sway over the habits of the ravens
the ravens of much more alert and vigilant than the wolves (the ="trms">birds serve the wolves as extra eyes and ears)


the prophecy ="trms">translated in terms of ="trms">recruitment ='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> who could have thought, if not no doubt a descendant of La Fontaine, that it is the ravens who protect the wolves and permit then to eat with their eyes closed='qstn'>? ='heart'>♥

="large lg38" stl="font-size:115%"> ="display:block;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:-1em;overflow:hidden;">...................................

='lgc'>[title='lgc'>]
the old taghalob (تقلب cheat)
="trms">history of enumeration in the ="nms">Iran (="trms">measurement, weight, scale)
the ="trms">history of our non-mathematical practices

="display:block;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:-1em;overflow:hidden;">...................................

time ="trms">travel (in TV series or ="trms">literature) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (regardless if they are dystopian or not) essential for creating sensations of ="trms">historical continuity

Marzolph on pre="trms">modern middle eastern ="trms">narrative culture
seafaring merchant...
sailor's yarns

tales documented in persian ="trms">literature of the muslim period appear to be offshoots of earlier versions in either indian or arabic ="trms">literature ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> arabic as the ="trms">lingua franca of the day

="large lg6" stl="font-size:108%"> Kitab ="nms">ajayeb al Hind, ="trms">wonders of india, 10th century by ="nms">iranian captain Bozorg ibn Sahriyar of Ramhormoz

(Marzolph holisitic assessment ='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= Beyzai's parochial claims of ="nms">iranianness='lgc'>] of) middle-eastern ="trms">narrative traditions='lgc'> = arabic ='lgc'>+ persian ='lgc'>+ otaman turkish ='lgc'>+ jewish ='lgc'>+ christian (='lgc'>+ several other) ="trms">narrative traditions related to each other and none of which may claim an ex="trms">="trms"nttrm="cluster,club">clusive ="trms">position

city of Brass
the Golden City is a legendary city built in africa by Tawil, the brother of the giant Ug, both of whom were born from the incestuous ="trms">relation between Cain and his sister Anaq. having been deserted for more than a thousand years, the Golden City was later conquered by Egyptians and became the source of their ="trms">fabulous wealth.

agahi آگاهی knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge
na javan mard ناجوانمرد impudent one
farz فرض rite
sonat سنت manner
mardi مردی manly combat

='lgc'>[="frds">Sina, ="frds scrmbld">Ehsan ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->='lgc'>] in the manner of ='strcls'>*="trms">narrative men='strcls'>* ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> typical for the thousand and one nights='lgc'>--whose protagonists of merchants (often thrift sons of rich merchants, who embark on ="trms">travel after they have wasted their fortune with false friends)
="lsts lst1">•save himself by his inventiveness, strong determination, physical strength
="lsts lst1">•there is no single predestined future but a variety of options whose eventual practical course depends on the protagonist's active ="trms">intervention
="lsts lst1">•(="nms">Sinbad left behind on an island where) the Ruhh has laid its eggs (spirit's eggs تخم های روح 🥚🥚🥚)
="lsts lst1">•althought most of them kill other people in order to survive, their action is spontaneously motivated by the needs of the moment
="lsts lst1">•

با هزار زحمت with a thousand efforts


customary formal “hearing is obeying”


pitfalls
“='lgc'>[...='lgc'>]When I returned home, my wife had died. They lifted her up, took me along, and brought us to that cave. With a rope they let me down and blocked the entrance of the cave. After they had lowered the ='lgc'>[body of my dead='lgc'>] wife and the ='lgc'>[bundle of='lgc'>] clothes and I had regained my senses, I got up and saw a tremendously large cave. I installed the wick and lit the lamp, chose a place by the side, cleaned it and made a bedstead. And when every two days they threw somebody down there alive, I killed that person with my knife and took the supplies of three days b="trms"nttrm="already,spread">read and water, until one day they de="trms">posited in that cave my former wife’s sister alive, together with her dead husband. When she saw me, she recognized me and consented to marry me. I slept with her and had several ="trms">children with her. Some time later I started to dig the ground in a corner of the cave with my knife until I had made a ='lgc'>[large='lgc'>] hole to the side of the sea. Every day I would sit there, until I finally saw a ship. I attached a piece of cloth to a stick and waved it, until the ship came close and took me and my ="trms">children aboard. They also asked me the same ="trms">question ='lgc'>[i. e. why my ="trms">children had heads like horses='lgc'>], I told them my ="trms">story, and they delivered me to my country. I had many more ="trms">children with that woman. This is the ="trms">story of my ="trms">children and their ="trms">ancestry.”


moral ="trms">obligation of contemporary ="trms">society
...the king would use the slave girl as muslim men would do='lgc'> = for entertainment of all kinds (in="trms"nttrm="cluster,club">cluding sexual ="trms">intercourse, but not eating them)


relief after hardship فرج بعد از شدت

urdu romance bagh o bahar باغ و بهار

="large lg34" stl="font-size:115%"> (the considerably older) misogynous motif of the unfaithful wife
husband and sife being buried together

='lgc'>='lgc'>--> par[...]