[...] ="trms">responded that they had thought that is was a test of endurance. and they obeyed because a ="trms">scientist asked then to”
="trms">difference between hypnotized subjects and “normal” experimental subjects
='strcls'>*the ="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lure utilized to mask the expectations='strcls'>* (in psychology, far from resolving the problem)
organization of the research ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">scientist distributes expertise in a very a="trms">symmetrical manner
="large lg2" stl="font-size:110%">
what a maze can mean='qstn'>? ='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>**="trms">translating what happens to rats in terms of meaning='strcls'>**
(drawing on Uexküll's theory of Umwelt) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> open up for the ="trms">animal the ="trms">question of point of view
a concrete or lived Umwelt ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> the ="trms">animal endowed with sensory organs ="trms">different from our own, cannot perceive the same ="trms">world as we do
='lgc'>{='strcls'>**perception='lgc'>: an act of creation ='lgc'>=/= a form of reception='strcls'>**='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> the ="trms">animal ='strcls'>**fills its environment with perceptual objects='strcls'>**, it constructs its environment by ='strcls'>*peopling='strcls'>* it with perceptual objects (='lgc'>=/= perceive passively)
='strcls'>*the activity of perception='lgc'> = an activity that confers meaning='strcls'>*='lgc'> = only that which has meaning is perceived, only that which can be perceived (='lgc'>='lgc'>~= is important of the organism) is ='strcls'>*="trms">accorded a meaning='strcls'>* (='lgc'>='lgc'>~= ="trms">accordance)
="lsts lst1">•butterfly lives in a ="trms">world of luminous intensities and of odors
="lsts lst1">•tick lives in a ="trms">world of butyric acid released by the sebaceous follicles of mammals
="lsts lst1">•spider lives in a ="trms">world of...
="lsts lst1">•rat lives in a ="trms">world of...
="lsts lst1">•
for a spider='qstn'>?
for a rat='qstn'>?
time, space, place, path, way, house, odor, enemy,,, ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> each event (in the perceived ="trms">world) “signified” which is not perceived except in that it signifies ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ='strcls'>***="trms">animal='lgc'> = subject='lgc'> = a “lender” of meaning='strcls'>***
='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]subject='lgc'>: that which ="trms">accords meaning
the object is constituted in action (the ="trms">animal never enters into a ="trms">relation with an object as such) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> meaning does not emerge from the object='lgc'> = objects are not alone in having meaning ="trms">accorded to them
Umwelt='lgc'>: an environment of ="trms">relations
no ="trms">animal can be neutral of another (in the environment) ='lgc'><='lgc'>--if='lgc'>-- it can be seen to be ="trms">accorded a meaning
='strcls'>***strange ="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lures ='lgc'>==make=possible='lgc'>='lgc'>==> types of research='strcls'>***
="nms">Cinderella to the mice ='lgc'>: al="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">luring producer of ="trms">sociality (="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lure='lgc'>: enticement for meaning) ='lgc'><='lgc'>== ='strcls'>*="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lures are frequently required in order to convey the meanings of an ="trms">animal='strcls'>*
a human can take on the meaning of ='strcls'>*="trms">socius='strcls'>* (comrade, friend, ally)
a human can learn what a ="trms">socius means in the like of a jackdaw (to be taken for a ="trms">material ="trms">socius)
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ‘as="trms">sociating with'='lgc'> = carry out various activities together
="large lg22" stl="font-size:105%">
you want to be taken by somebody from another ="trms">species for a ="trms">material ="trms">socius (that is also why people have pets) ='lgc'>=/= pray
meanings are not fixed once and for all, flowing from elementary needs of the organism='lgc'>: meanings are flexible, can apply to other beings, extend to unforseen ="trms">situations, change, and even invent and create new ="trms">relational uses (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- this is what i experience in ="trms">translational working with meanings in ="trms">farsi ="trms">literate in my ="trms">lectures)
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(="nms">Cinderella asking) when observing rats, what can produce the activity of ="trms">translating their behaviors in terms of meanings='qstn'>?
one confuses the term “examine” with that of “neutralize” ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (Watson, ="trms">scientist) removed the rat's eyes, olfactory bulb, and whikers, which are essential to the sense of touch in rats, before throwing it into the exploration of the maze...
='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> if the ="trms">world had probably lost all meaning for this de-sensed rat, the rat itself had lost all meaning for its experimenter (if it ever had one for him)
="prgrph">-this is the goal of the procedure='lgc'>: search out the lowest common denominator, the left-over, the automation, the behavior that from one ="trms">species to another will render all organisms commensurable تناسب پذير ='lgc'>[='lgc'><='lgc'>-- no!!!!='lgc'>]
the tacit ='thdf'>assumption that an ="trms">animal could ever enter into a ="trms">relationship with an object is false ='lgc'><='lgc'>--Uexküll='lgc'>-- (to have in mind) to study the most ="trms">different kinds of ="trms">animals in their ="trms">relations to a maze
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her attic, ="nms">Cinderella in the universe of meanings
an ="trms">epistemological problem ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> it is not straightforward to enter into the subjective universe of an ="trms">animal in ="trms">interrogating it through an experimental dis="trms">positive thought up by a human
='lgc'>[dis="trms">positif='lgc'>: referring to machines and devices. as philosophical concept that has been drawn upon by ="ppl">Deleuze, ="ppl">="ppl">Foucault, ="ppl">Althusser, ="ppl">Agamben, and many others, has been rendered as “="trms">apparatus”, ="trms">social ="trms">apparatus='lgc'>]
maze ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> what this particular experimental dis="trms">positive can mean for a rat='qstn'>? how can this ='strcls'>*="trms">traversing='strcls'>* come to be, from the point of view of the rat (Uexküll calls “familiar path”)='qstn'>? how rats in pretending to ="trms">respond to the ="trms">questions of the behaviorists ="trms">respond in fact to another ="trms">question='qstn'>?
="prgrph">-behaviorist's ="trms">question='lgc'>: what is the abstract ="trms">relation of a being, whatever it may be (that which the behaviorists call an organism) to a ="trms">natural object='qstn'>?
why do rats always touch the walls as they go along them='qstn'>? ='lgc'>--="nms">Cinderella='lgc'>='lgc'>-->
="lsts lst1">•they are haptophiles, they like to touch
="lsts lst1">•they inscribe the course of their route in their bodies in the form of lines, curves, and turns, or even roughness, textures, sensations of cold or humidity
="lsts lst1">•letting itself be marked by the space
='lgc'>--="ppl">="ppl">Despret='lgc'>='lgc'>--> what do we know about what the body of a rat can sense='qstn'>?
='strcls'>***(from) the why of caused ='lgc'>--to='lgc'>='lgc'>--> entering into the regime of meanings='strcls'>***
the rat does not ="trms">respond to the ="trms">question of learning, he ="trms">responds to the ="trms">question of ='strcls'>*an architecture that constitute the ="trms">world for him='strcls'>*
(how='qstn'>?) the “="trms">animal's own ="trms">world” can (with difficulty) in="trms"nttrm="cluster,club">clude the human observer as an observer
...the maze can ="trms">authorize neither the ="trms">question of the “familiar path” nor that of the meaning of the wall
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artifactual='lgc'>: the ="trms">situation where the being who is ="trms">interrogated ="trms">responds to a ="trms">different ="trms">question than the one the ="trms">scientist poses to her
hypothesis of the existence of an artifact ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> the possibility of taking into account the fact that the ="trms">animal would have a point of view on the ="trms">situation
(to take ="trms">measure of) what one's ="trms">anxiety prompts (in the course of research)='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•expanding the ="trms">imagination
="lsts lst1">•paralyzing the ="trms">imagination ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> injection of more control
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="trms">sciences that mobilize the beings that ="trms">respond to it
each experiment indicates not only the manner in which the ="trms">animals generally experience the procedures ='lgc'>--but='lgc'>='lgc'>--> the way in which each of the ="trms">animals lives them as a function of the perception that it has of them, as a function of what it expects
(="ppl">="ppl">Despret affirming that) there is no ='strcls'>*artifact='strcls'>* unless there is ='strcls'>*="trms">generalization='strcls'>*
='strcls'>*the time of the experimental dis="trms">positive='strcls'>* is not the same since it is set within a provisional and short time (five days if testing, cor="trms">responding to the work week) while ='strcls'>*the time of the farm='strcls'>* is a time of accumulated ="trms">memories and experience
="prgrph">-the ="trms">memory of the food eaten before
='at'>#="nms">Cinderella
it expects something else ='lgc'><='lgc'>== what one gives it is not the sole cause involved
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="trms">animals certainly ="trms">respond to a ="trms">question, but it is not the one we pose to them
='strcls'>*the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archers compartmentalize the research; the ="trms">animals to not stop prompting them to decompartmentalize it='strcls'>* ='heart'>♥
(always) the artifact ='lgc'>--constitutes='lgc'>='lgc'>--> the object of critique
="trms">animals do not judge an ='strcls'>*abstract ="trms">situation='strcls'>*, but a ="trms">situation offered to them ='strcls'>*as it is offered='strcls'>* to them
(="nms">Cinderella's) reciprocal habituation ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">animal itself actively takes the ="trms">questions and the ="trms">presence of the rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer into consideration
to negate the condition of research ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> exchange judgment and opinions (='lgc'>+ ="trms">mutually ="trms">affect one another)
why is ‘="trms">interest’ a bad motive, in this frame='qstn'>?
="prgrph">-because the ="trms">animal must be ="trms">interested in other things besides the human being, it must continue to live its life as a goat or a sheep ='lgc'>--='not'>✕='lgc'>='lgc'>--> “the good ="trms">animal='lgc'>: the ="trms">animal ="trms">responds to her observer”
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="ppl">Singh ='lgc'>+ Dave ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ordinary ="trms">affects of killing (="trms">animal) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">anthropology of ethics ='lgc'>=/= ="ppl">Agamben's killablity (linked with sovereignty)='lgc'>: ="trms">routinized emotionally in="trms">different production of bare life (capacity to decide which bodies can be killed, without the killing counting either as homicide or as a sacrifice)
normative moral claims
(Laidlaw, ="ppl">="ppl">Foucault) ethical life='lgc'>: reflexive practice of freedom ='lgc'>--humanistic='lgc'>='lgc'>-->
="lsts lst1">•traditions of virtuous conduct
="lsts lst1">•changing practices of self-="trms">fashioning
="lsts lst1">•="trms">affective dis="trms">positions='lgc'>: compassion, devotion
="lsts lst1">•(altruistic ="trms">question of) how ought to one live='qstn'>?
='lgc'>=/=
what is the mode of a killing='qstn'>?
what is the mood accompanying that killing='qstn'>?
='lgc'>+ ethical repercussions (if any) there of, even of they are not prescribed or proscribed in state or in customary law
='strcls'>*to ="trms">write nonmorally about ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]ethics='lgc'>: a mode of relatedness, even if the ="trms">relation is as ephemeral as a mood that may escape ="trms">measure or description, lying somewhere between mourning and in="trms">difference
='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= to have an a ="trms">priori moral ="trms">code based on which we might justify (or predict ahead) our emotional ="trms">responses to particular killing ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= what constitutes a good life or death='lgc'>]
(mourning ='lgc'>=/= in="trms">difference)
concept ='lgc'>+ reality of ="trms">animals ='lgc'>+ ="trms">anthropology of India
everyday ="trms">affects (while witnessing or executing the death of ="trms">animals)
doubts and pleasures
cruelties and in="trms">differences
chicken shops
decimated forests of central India
moods='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•ambivalence
="lsts lst1">•cruelty and pleasure
="lsts lst1">•senses of devastation
modes and moods of ="trms">specific commercial and ritual occurrences (in ="nms">Tehran)
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>***how does (and does not) killability shade into vitality='qstn'>?='strcls'>***
what does it mean for ="trms">animals to be alive in a severely depleted habitat='qstn'>?
(what it means to be alive in contemporary ="nms">Tehran='qstn'>?)
profane='lgc'>: a ="trms">routine, ritual, process that does not in itself invoke a sacred purpose or value
="prgrph">-how would we ="trms">measure the distance between the poles of the profane and sacred in terms of the mood and intention surrounding the ritual of killing='qstn'>?
="prgrph">-what is the mood sounding the sacrificial death='qstn'>? (veneration='qstn'>?)
="trms">animal sacrifice has a long ="trms">history in textual and oral forms of Hinduism (as do arguments against it)
آرامش قصاب
butcher's easy hospitality
slow time of sadism
='at'>#="trms">story
tribe of bonded laborer decide not to sacrifice ="trms">animals. “what is the use of someone's untimely death causing another='qstn'>?” (and because goats are expensive nowadays). one summer all the brothers get together and call the deity. he possessed my father's brother's son. we said='lgc'>: “baba, we won't give you a goat. eat us if you must.” the spirit began to get angry. he said if i accept this for you, then others will do the same. (after negotiation) he accepted only from one person and not others. the issue is still unresolved.
="trms">religiously infused con="trms">science
banality of secular cruelty
long-standing intimacy between violence and the sacred
='at'>#="trms">story
Nitin is jinn and no jinn wants to marry their daughter to someone who sells chicken for a living. Nitin has debilitating nightmares about dying chickens.
="lsts lst1">•poultry industry
="lsts lst1">•cage-free farming
(there is no “irreducible” ="trms">ontological gap, disjuncture of temporality, ="trms">ontological un="trms">translatability, between='lgc'>:)
time of ="trms">history/capital ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= time of the gods/ritual
both ritual and capital ='lgc'>--involve='lgc'>='lgc'>--> exchange ="trms">relations ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> unpre="trms">dictable forms of movement (across domains)
="lsts lst1">•(show of being halal) re="trms">citation of kalma with the first ="trms">bird and the last, assuming comprehensive coverage for the ones who fall between
="lsts lst1">•Skylard s="trms">laughterhouse building hospitals and temples
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> emotional, ritual, commercial traffic across sacred and profane
="trms">consumption of neighboring ="trms">species
='strcls'>*cruelty as play='strcls'>*
(a less cultivated form of pleaser='qstn'>?)
deadended ="trms">bird
ceased-but-not-killed mouse
not dead, not killed, but not quite a being either
the power to turn ="trms">animals into things, as of they were never anything else
recognition of playful actually ='lgc'>--="ppl">Singh='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ethics of immanent ="trms">obligation
(='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]collaboration='lgc'>: ="trms">interrupt each other's train of thought)
(dramatization of) agonistic intimacy ='lgc'>: a ="trms">relationship of proximity and violence between neighboring ="trms">social groups (the body of neighboring ="trms">species)
='lgc'>--Taussig='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ritual violence (the most stunning prop is the human='lgc'>: the all too profane body with its various appendages, fluids, undulating surfaces, ="trms">folds, exists, entrances)
='lgc'>--="ppl">Veena='lgc'>='lgc'>--> sacrificial violence ='lgc'>: dramatization of one's own inevitable death (there is a certain ="trms">anxiety around violence that is ="trms">integral to ='strcls'>*the ="trms">imagination of an ethical life='strcls'>* in Hindu texts and practices)
='lgc'>--="frds">Sina='lgc'>='lgc'>--> gamer video of ="trms">zoo
condition of ="trms">viscerality
a condition of being ransomed to death
Venna ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> a major theological transformation (a critique of violence) in a nonmessianic nonsoteriological sense رستگاری شناختی in South Asia took place with the Mahabharata
='strcls'>*cruelty ='lgc'>=/= violence='strcls'>*
="lsts lst1">•the feeling of noncruilty expressed in the unpre="trms">dictable attachments, at times across ="trms">species (companionship) in the Mahabharata (="ppl">Veena) ='lgc'>[in ="ppl">Attar='qstn'>? in Kelile and Demne='qstn'>?='lgc'>]
="lsts lst1">•companionable thinking (Cavell)
="lsts lst1">•com="trms">mission ="trms">species (="ppl">="ppl">Haraway)
='lgc'>--='not'>✕='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="ppl">Singh's agonistic intimacy='lgc'>:
="lstsrd">1. companionship may also involve forms of ="trms">mutual violence
="lstsrd">2. violence inevitability (in af="trms">finity or animus) does not remove a consideration of the mode of violence from the sphere of the ethical ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> we must make space for the consideration of='lgc'>:
="lsts lst2">◦cruelty
="lsts lst2">◦="trms">differential vulnerability
="lstsrd">3. certain forms of companionable noncruilty may also breed accompanying forms of cruelty
="lstsrd">4. within conditions of death and cruelty ='strcls'>*it is not always clear what noncruilty might be='strcls'>*
a ="trms">bird cursing (="trms">presently taking root that will someday come to fruition) a human who is stubbornly injuring when need not, or تو نیکی میکن و در دجله انداز
(myth) asks us to think about cycles of violence
how an act never exists in isolation
chaos theory, the effect might come later
informal epic subplots ="trms">narrated in improvised forms
which ritual laments are available for massive ="trms">ecological shifts
...the death of others
...s="trms">cene of loss (='lgc'>='lgc'>~/= milieu)
='lgc'>}='lgc'><='lgc'>--="ppl">Singh='lgc'>-- virtue, piety, self-="trms">fashioning do not help to work through this (='at'>@="nms">apass)
devastation ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> cohabitation (of ="trms">species that were apart before)
Kelile and Demne ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> agonistics can be comic (even if repercussions of tragic) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> mood of violence
“everything has to die”
="trms">question of ="trms">routinized ritual or commercial production of killable bodies and of things ceasing to ="trms">matter
="trms">animals don't die in villages, they could only be killed
="trms">anthropology of ethics
what is to kill='qstn'>?
what is to kill well='qstn'>?
what is to ber killed='qstn'>?
what is to be killable='qstn'>?
can we speak of a quality of death='qstn'>?
(="ppl">Veena, Cavell, Harraway's) ‘companion’ is not a resolution to ethical quandaries of human-="trms">animal ="trms">relations
culpability of homicide ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>--> veneration of sacrifice
life ='lgc'>=/= ="trms">zoo ='lgc'>=/= bios
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retro='lgc'>: (a post="trms">modern sensibility firmly rooted in the ="trms">present) appropriating ='lgc'>[use ='lgc'>+ exploit, pick ='lgc'>+ mix='lgc'>] the ="trms">aesthetics (aspects) of the ="trms">past while not longing for its return ='lgc'>=/= nostalgia='lgc'>: a mode of resistance against the ="trms">present
retro='lgc'>: a mode of ="trms"nttrm="already,spread">reading, an attitude towards the ="trms">past without emotional attachment
ironic ="trms">consumption...
... ='lgc'>=/= how adults might perceive the political context
dissident discourse
(audience looking for) counter regime messages
="large lg14" stl="font-size:114%">
='strcls'>*nostalgia ='lgc'>+ nationalism within a postcolonial Europe='strcls'>*
Europe's repressed imperial ="trms">history ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> longing for the divided Europe of the Cold War ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> post="trms">socia="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list nostalgia (in television ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>--> cultural ="trms">memory='lgc'>])
="trms">past='lgc'>: retro comedy
comedy='lgc'>: retrospective re="trms">presentation
(comedy does not='qstn'>?) antagonize its audience ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= build a ="trms">memory conflict
='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]comedy='lgc'>: strive for reconciliation (by focusing on the everyday life of its colorful characters)
the good soldier Svejk ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> good-="trms">natured side of czech national identity
self-congratulatory ="trms">narrative ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- (when you think you are always) morally on the ="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">right side
='at'>@="nms">apass
(tv series) forging resistance-based (national or individual) ="trms">memory
the way in which a ="trms">society understands its own ="trms">past ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> through culture (not a ="trms">matter for politicians and legislative ="trms">measures alone) that particular ="trms">narratives about the ="trms">past are kept alive and help to structure understandings of the ="trms">present
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strolling='lgc'>: walking in the city ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> sense of belonging to the city
walking in 19th century (starting with England) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> something for the lower class
='lgc'>--later='lgc'>='lgc'>--> walking became a middle class pursuit (something you do in your garden ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> parks for walking)
city walking ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> claiming step by step parts of the city ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> practice of belonging ='lgc'>[='lgc'>~ sense of place (in ="trms">history='lgc'> = nationalism) of certainty ='lgc'>+ comfort='lgc'>] ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> belonging is an individual imperative (something that is created by the individual on the ground) ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>~/=='qstn'>? a ="trms">category of ex="trms">="trms"nttrm="cluster,club">clusion='lgc'>]
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="large lg1" stl="font-size:127%">
="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">anger='lgc'>: an expression by which the observer perceives as if something ='strcls'>*happened to the person who is angry='strcls'>* (a passive experience, not something that the person did)
intuition='lgc'> = recognition
="lsts lst1">•="trms">memory is really bad at re="trms">membering ="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">lists
="lsts lst1">•="trms">memory is really good at re="trms">membering routes through space
="lsts lst1">•(humans are good at re="trms">membering) ="trms">agent-thinking ='lgc'>=/= abstract notions
='strcls'>*="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">anger ='lgc'>==reveals='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ="trms">world='strcls'>*
="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">anger ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> makes you ungly ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> prompts action
='lgc'>[the strange connection of='lgc'>: action ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ugliness='lgc'>]
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post="trms">socia="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list nostalgia='lgc'>: ="trms">relational expression of a heterogeneous set of desires that operate in an ="trms">intercultural ="trms">network
Imre
western European longing for the divided Europe of the Cold War ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> Europe’s repressed imperial ="trms">history
two ="trms">different modes of re="trms">membering='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•="trms">history ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> official, public and professional modes (as="trms">sociated with com="trms">memoration and musealization)
="lsts lst1">•="trms">memory ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> unofficial, popular and private modes (frequently as="trms">sociated with nostalgia and ="trms">consumerism)
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="trms">literary and cinematic texts that foreground some form of preoccupation with the ="trms">past
="prgrph">-television (amnesiac qualities) has been accused of undermining ="trms">memory and perpetuating a sense of ephemerality and transience ='lgc'>--='not'>✕='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*television is also a powerful mnemonic tool='strcls'>*
='strcls'>***television is both amnesiac ='and'>& mnemonic='strcls'>*** ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> tv's propensity to resonate in ="trms">different temporalities at once
television='lgc'>: a vehicle for the transformation of and a source of information about the quotidian ='lgc'>~ primary generator of collective ="trms">memory ='lgc'>[='lgc'><='lgc'>-- this is now ="trms">social media, In="trms">stagram TikTok='lgc'>]
="trms">historical drama
pseudo documentary
period drama series
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> providing the viewers with a “useable ="trms">past” that is always related to and relevant to the concerns of the ="trms">present
in the post="trms">socia="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list region, the ="trms">past has especially sensitive nerve endings in the ="trms">present
national regimes ='and'>& individual citizens alike have tried to revive usable paradigms of identity from ="trms">past periods (to clear away or at least cover up the ="trms">historical debris left behind)
television as a massive archaeological site
poly="trms">morphic, undefinable identity with tentacles in several fields that makes television (and popular ="trms">internet media) so confusing
(to understand who has stakes) in keeping ="trms">history and ="trms">memory practices separate and in minimizing the role of television and other popular media
(="trms">internet popular media) television's messy status as a medium
="trms">communist parties ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> mould television to standardize citizens's everyday domestic life rhythms
="lsts lst1">•cheerleading docu="trms">fictions
="lsts lst1">•educational quiz shows
="lsts lst1">•uplifting entertainment such as theatrical broadcasts of Russian and European classics
="lsts lst1">•doctored news
="lsts lst1">•limited advertising
="lsts lst1">•domestically produced dramatic series focused firmly on the romanticized ="trms">historical ="trms">past
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='lgc'>{projective ideals ='lgc'>=/= actual experiential realities of ="trms">socialism='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>==> layer of ironic distance between ='lgc'>[media (television) and its viewers='lgc'>]
(1990s following the Soviet empire's dis="trms">integration ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->) ironic overidentification ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> nostalgia
='lgc'>--Imre='lgc'>='lgc'>--> evasion of television allows for nostalgia to be misframed and misappropriated as a sentiment that marks the end of ="trms">socialism ='lgc'>[temporally and clearly demarcates backward-looking post="trms">socia="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list populations from forward-looking (Western) observers='lgc'>]
='lgc'>-='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> takes into account television's (and ="trms">internet ="trms">social media) relevance to collective ="trms">memory
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post-X nostalgia='lgc'>: a near-="trms">visceral yearning for the false sense of safety derived from the ="trms">memory of X (fetishistically attached to public personas or ="trms">consumer products of the ="trms">past)
nostalgia='lgc'>: an ="trms">interpretive framework ='lgc'>}='lgc'><='lgc'>-- ='strcls'>**sense of intimate ="trms">sociality disrupted by the collapse of a centralized ="trms">system of governance and the influx of globalization='strcls'>**
nostalgia is a discourse (that is not ="trms">specific to Eastern Europe) populations disappointed with and un="trms">="trms">equipped to deal with the advent of ="trms">market democracy
there are more than one way of (content of) longing
television='lgc'>: a medium whose chief mode of operation is in reruns, recombinations, circulating formats and generic adaptations that constantly ="trms">interweave national, regional and global scales ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= digital ="trms">social media
(Imre > Boyer) to trace nostalgia back to the intellectual o="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">rigins of European cultural nationalisms
...diverse and contradictory sentiments that make us see European cultures conjoined in ="trms">mutual ="trms">relationships of dependence, rather than separation
(Imre ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->) ='strcls'>*nostalgia as something by de="trms">finition national at its core='strcls'>*
nostalgia ='lgc'>--foreground='lgc'>='lgc'>--> coexistence of ="trms">different temporalities in the ="trms">present
post="trms">socia="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list nostalgia in Romania is similar in structure to late ="trms">socia="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list nostalgia of the 1980s in Hungary
manage feelings of dislocation ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> longing for national homes
='lgc'>='lgc'>~='lgc'>~='lgc'>='lgc'>--> preference for ="trms">literature and high art as expressions of what has been identified as cultural nationalism (“national tradition='lgc'> = tradition invested in high art”) ='lgc'>+ perceived illegitimacy of popular cultural production and ="trms">consumption (concealed by the allegedly rebellious “dissident” status of intellectuals) ='lgc'>==organize='lgc'>='lgc'>==> the contents of collective ="trms">memory
Imre ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> racialized underpinnings of allegedly “pure” ="trms">aesthetic judgments
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inherently nostalgic and pre-="trms">modern post="trms">socia="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list population ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>==> Western Europe as the epicentre of progressive ="trms">scientific ="trms">modernity
television's capacity for personalization and ="trms">narrativization
='strcls'>*demi="trms">world of popular culture='strcls'>*
television’s dominant ="trms">position within the domestic environment and its special appeal to an emotionally available female or feminine ="trms">consumer ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> television='lgc'>: the mass medium of the ="trms">socia="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list period ='lgc'>--pose='lgc'>='lgc'>--> the d="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">anger of a passive mindless ="trms">consumption of ="trms">formulaic ="trms">narratives (a d="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">anger that has been ascribed to women’s inferior psycho="trms">social needs and tastes ='lgc'>=/= cerebral ="trms">modernist masculinity of art) ='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to ="ppl">Baxstrom's realizing the witch
Western European cultural nationalisms
='thdf'>the notion of nostalgic and pre="trms">modern post="trms">socia="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list population ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> Western Europe as the epicentre of progressive ="trms">scientific ="trms">modernity
West’s fanning of East European nostalgia ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> a post-imperial ="trms">symptom='lgc'> = (expression of a growing Western European awareness that) ="trms">modernity is p="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lurinodal rather than centred in European metropolitan headquarters
(postimperial European dimension of) ='strcls'>*cultural nationalism ='lgc'><='lgc'>~÷='lgc'>+='lgc'>-> nostalgia='strcls'>*
...utopian national rebirth scenarios for a united Germany ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (promoted by intellectual artists) the bad idea that suppression of German nationalism ='lgc'>==open='lgc'>='lgc'>==> influx of American audio-visual culture (that muat be resisted in order to preserve and nourish German culture in its purest ="trms">literary manifestation)
= logocentric return to the ethos of German Romanticism ='lgc'>[Kulturnation ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> certain cultural identity ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> cliche-ridden elitist racist implications='lgc'>] ='lgc'>+ new nationalism ='lgc'>=/= results of Western ="trms">integration over the last forty years
aspirational ="trms">narrative (of nation...)
postimperial power dynamic='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•western rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> has the political capital to afford studying popular media
="lsts lst1">•eastern rese="trms"nttrm="search">archer ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> has to faithfully fulfill the role to re="trms">present their national culture (elite achievement)
(Bourdon >Imre) the most obvious European commonality ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>**a focus on high culture='strcls'>**
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