[...]br />
به طور قانونی غیرقانونی
legally illegal mosques
(illegal structures on land legally put aside for this purpose)

="trms">presence of bureaucrats within mosques in south Asia (since 19th century)

="large lg2" stl="font-size:111%"> creating an ideal state by means of the mosque


loud zekr ذکر

mosque='lgc'>: (bearing) traces of the changing fortunes of its worshippers

qabza ='lgc'>=/= voice='lgc'>: an individual's singular words and ="trms">gestures arising from her ="trms">embodiment ='strcls'>*of hey maslak مسلک='strcls'>*


...civil servents
cultivating a ="trms">modernist
="trms">cosmopolitan air
and their educated well-="trms">traveled
nuclear families


congregation (جماعت ='lgc'>=/=='qstn'>? collective, ="trms">community)
="trms">communal exchange
learning
contemplation

mosque employee hierarchy='lgc'>:
="lstsrd">1. khatib خطیب the person who gives sermons during Friday prayers
="lstsrd">2. imam امام the person who leads the give ="trms">obligatory prayers during the day expect Friday
="lstsrd">3. ghari قاری the person who had received enough training to render a pepper re="trms">citation of the quran
="lstsrd">4. moazen موذن there person who gives the call to prayers, also ="trms">responsible for cleaning the mosque


ghabze of mosque='lgc'> = expression of ambition (to found ="trms">religious space) to forge the model Muslim ="trms">community (beyond daily needs of worship)

='strcls'>***legal exercices ='and'>& bureaucratic forms='lgc'> = a mode of experimentation='strcls'>*** (in being good ='lgc'>[Muslim, intrinsic to Pakistan='lgc'>])
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> to enable civil ="trms">relation (learning from ="ppl">Naveeda and ="frds scrmbld">Femke)


Islam is only one element of a complex weave of politics (involving local leadership, emergent ="trms">communities of dissent and activism against an in="trms">different state)


flagging a ="trms">social problem ='lgc'>=/= filling a ="trms">complaint


jahalat جهالت (='lgc'>=/= common sense ='lgc'>+ education ='lgc'>+ good b="trms"nttrm="already,spread">reading)
resentment of uneducated
not class-="trms">coded='qstn'>?
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> character (determined by)
="lsts lst1">•nobility of birth ='lgc'>=/= lowly birth
="lsts lst1">•enlightenment of education ='lgc'>=/= ignorant
='lgc'>--="ppl">Naveeda='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ‘maslak ="trms">differences ='lgc'>='lgc'>~= grist for the art of war’


="trms">rumored
engineered
un="trms">folding

sectarian geography of the city

mobilized in the form of bored policemen


prophet's era ="trms">intermingled with Pakistan ="trms">present
masjed zarar

gabze (mosque seizure قبضه مسجد) ='lgc'>--explicit='lgc'>='lgc'>--> desire to stake a claim on a new nation-state (Pakistan)='lgc'> = expression of striving='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•tie ="trms">religious/moral development to the nation-state development
="lsts lst1">•tie ="trms">religious/moral development to the ="trms">imagination of an earlier era of Islam

='strcls'>*expression of striving='strcls'>* in art='lgc'>: opening an art space, studio, school, or an institute (='lgc'>=/= create an institution as a conceptual ="trms">gesture)
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> tie your development to the nation-state development and to an ="trms">imagination (of change='qstn'>?)

="lsts lst1">•anything could be believed about a certain imam
="lsts lst1">•when someone (or group) attack you, they transform from human to ="trms">animal
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> skeptical turn towards the ="trms">world

neighborhood='lgc'> = ties ='lgc'>+ tensions

="display:block;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:-1em;overflow:hidden;">...................................

="ppl">Naveeda chapter 2 Iqbal

="ppl">Naveeda's ethnographic ='thdf'>example of a s="trms">cene of aspiration='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•librarians sit around a table (in a public library) engaged in a heated ="trms">religious argument that threatens to spill into accusations of blasphemy
="lsts lst1">•Lahoris resolve to build mosques for their neighborhoods only to preside over the dissolution of their ="trms">communities in their fights over the mosques
='lgc'><='lgc'>-- sites of dissonance ='lgc'>+ aspiration

aspiration ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> efforts at being Muslim (in the ways one knows or attached to) marked by a striving to an as-yet-unattained self without presuming that this next self is the final one
='lgc'><='lgc'>-- tendency (='lgc'>=/= ="trms">social program)
(='lgc'>=/= see these examples as the lack of con="trms">sensus in Islam)


Iqbal ='lgc'>--="ppl">Naveeda='lgc'>='lgc'>--> theory of creative workings of time

="ppl">Naveeda constructing a Pakistani Iqbal

Iqbal ="trms">presence within='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•everyday acts of striving to be Muslim
="lsts lst1">•state exertion (official ="trms">rhetoric)
="lsts lst1">•public culture of Lahore

='strcls'>**synthetic mode of thought='strcls'>**
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> how South Asian intellectuals created zones of thought by assimilating the work of thinkers from ="trms">different times and parts of the ="trms">world to their own ='lgc'>==> (develop and sustain a) ='strcls'>*="trms">cosmopolitanism='strcls'>* ='lgc'>[that exceed the limits places on ="trms">imagination by colonialism, nationalism='lgc'>]
(='lgc'>--in='lgc'>='lgc'>--> both locatedness and translocal ambitions ='lgc'>--understand='lgc'>='lgc'>-->) ='strcls'>*the openness and connectivity that characterizes the socal='strcls'>*


Iqbal's mode of self-experimentation='lgc'>: he put himself in ="trms">relation to dynamic individuals and emergent movements and institutions to see how they sat with him and he with them
='lgc'>--="ppl">Naveeda='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*experimentation does not require the creation of the new='strcls'>* but rather new ways of inhabiting the fundamentals (of ="trms">religion in Iqbal's case) ='lgc'>--toward='lgc'>='lgc'>--> producing the ="trms"nttrm="already,spread">readiness for change


="prgrph">-attitudes of toleration comes with belief in dogma


Mohammad
the prophet's return is creative ='lgc'>: insert himself into the sweep of time with a view to control the forces of ="trms">history ='lgc'>==> create a new ="trms">world of ideals

='strcls'>*prophetic consciousness='lgc'>: a mode of economizing individual thought and choice by providing ="trms"nttrm="already,spread">readymade judgment, choices, ways of action


Islam is strongly informed by ='strcls'>*teleology='lgc'>: final causes and ends
="lsts lst1">•(a tradition of) biding worshippers to act in this ="trms">world with the knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge of brevity of earthly existence (and the certainty that they will meet their maker)
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> perception of time


="ppl">Bergson ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> enabling change in the human perception of time so that humans could see how their ="trms">present was charged with open-ended potential
(1934='lgc'>:)
="lsts lst1">•duration='lgc'>: reality of time as a dynamic continuity
="lsts lst1">•intuition='lgc'>: ="trms">imaginative means by which humans could perceive duration

="large lg3" stl="font-size:110%"> (picture of) life='lgc'> = vital impulse through ="trms">matter
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (="trms">positive account of) evolution='lgc'>: continual discharge of creative ideas (and tendencies) moving through a ="trms">world of ="trms">matter

='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]="trms">="trms"nttrm="metaph,metamorph,metabol,metal">metaphysics='lgc'>: a ="trms">technique to avoid “false problems”

="ppl">Bergson's understanding of intellect='lgc'>: denying humans the experience of time as duration ='lgc'>==> Iqbal

how Iqbal rendered (="ppl">Bergson's) vita="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list philosophy (which denied teleology) acceptable to Islam (which strongly is based on teleology)='lgc'>:
='thdf'>the idea of a forward-looking aspect to the intelligence permeanting life ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> for a Muslim an “ought to be” stands in the forefront inflecting the ="trms">present well before any final end

="large lg4" stl="font-size:111%"> human-God copartnership ='lgc'>--imply='lgc'>='lgc'>--> advancement of the self as the object of striving ='lgc'>{the self arcs towards God and partners with God in order to advance='lgc'>}='lgc'>==> change in the ="trms">world

“the ="trms">finite ego must be distinct, though not isolated, from the in="trms">finite”
(Iqbal)

Iqbal's striving='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•the end of one's striving is one's ='strcls'>*next self='strcls'>*
="lsts lst1">•nonprogressive='lgc'>: one's next self could lay ahead, alongside of one, or in one's ="trms">past
="lsts lst1">•not to part with their ="trms">finitude too quickly (no fana dar hagh)


Iqbal's pholosophy ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->='qstn'>? ="trms">aesthetics of the self (='lgc'>~ creation of personality)
='lgc'>--(preoccupied with)='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*muslims ="trms">crafting and tethering their subjectivity to the commentary ="trms">world='strcls'>*

="large lg5" stl="font-size:148%"> Iqbal's self-seeking individuals ='lgc'>: actualize qualities attribited to God ='lgc'>[(impersonal qualities='lgc'>:) ma="trms">jesty, beauty, grace='lgc'>] (to the best of one's ability) ='lgc'>--="ppl">Naveeda='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (individual impersonality) ='strcls'>***individuality marked by a certain impersonality='strcls'>*** ='lgc'>: the more impersonal the qualify that is manifested the more unique one is
='lgc'>=/= ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]="trms">modern identity ='lgc'>: ="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">right-bearing citizen in nation-state, a subject distinguished by the peculiarities of his or her own way of life or point of view or a ="trms">specific ="trms">interiority
='at'>#="trms">integration
='lgc'>=/= ="nms">Cinderella's (aim and process of) individuation ='lgc'>--="frds">Sina='lgc'>='lgc'>--> impersonal individuality
='lgc'>[="nms">Cinderella's shekayat شکایت='lgc'>]


Iqbal's nonintuitive pairings (='lgc'>=/= contra="trms">dictions)='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•experimentation / convection
="lsts lst1">•fidelity to one's ="trms">past / seeking one's future
="lsts lst1">•prophetic guidance / human freedom
="lsts lst1">•reason / revelation
="lsts lst1">•teleology / open future
="lsts lst1">•duration / transcendence
="lsts lst1">•freedom / ="trms">finitude
="lsts lst1">•individuality / impersonality
='lgc'><='lgc'>-- elements are drawn to each other, ="trms">mutual attraction (that does not detract from the plenitude of each)


(Sir Sayyid='lgc'>:) “="trms">religi[...]