[...] of isolating an ="trms">aesthetically determined contemplation or absorption

general problem of perceptual synthesis and dis="trms">integrative possibilities of attention

optical verisimilitude

attention ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> tension ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> possibly of a fixation, of holding something in ="trms">wonder or contemplation, in which the attentive subject is both immobile and ungrounded

how can something o="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">riginate in its op="trms">posite='qstn'>?
="ppl">Nietzsche

sudden emergence of model of subjective vision (in the 19th century)

complex and ="trms">contingent physiological makeup of the observer ='lgc'>==> vision is rendered faulty, even arbitrary

reality maintenance

aftershocks of apperception

fai="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lure of a capacity for synthesis of conscious thought (named dis="trms">sociation) became linked in the 19th century with pathological psychosis
this label (of pathological dis="trms">integration) was evidence of a shift in the ="trms">relation of the subject to a visual field
='strcls'>*synthesis
="lsts lst1">•for ="ppl">Bergson='lgc'>: bind with creative forces of ="trms">memory
="lsts lst1">•for Dilthey='lgc'>: creative forms of fusion ="trms">specific to human ="trms">imagination
="lsts lst1">•for ="ppl">Nietzsche='lgc'>: endlessly creative and ="trms"nttrm="metaph,metamorph,metabol,metal">meta="trms">morphic and not constitutive of truth


the rise of psychological explanation within ="trms">epistemology


="ppl">Kant saw perception crowding in upon the soul

for Külpe attention was the very condition of thinking, consciousness not in the mercy of external impressions

the importance of attention to the conception of subjective time in ="ppl">Augustine and ="ppl">Husserl

(curiosity t="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">riggered by) ="trms">wonder for ="ppl">Descartes

in 18th century='lgc'>:
="prgrph">-‘unified’ operation of mental life
="prgrph">-force of a sensation
="prgrph">-an effect of an event external to the subject
='lgc'>--='not'>✕='lgc'>='lgc'>-->
in 19th century, attention='lgc'>: an essential but fragile im="trms">position of coherence and clarity ="trms">onto the dispersed content of consciousness


running in the park, a motif of selfhood, of individual freedom, finality of the possibility of soul from the enduring experience of active, willed effort in ="trms">relation to the body
='lgc'>==> moi='lgc'>: a re="trms">pository of self-initiated (mental physical) activity and free will
="prgrph">-running in park/city='lgc'>: a ="trms">priori believe in the self
="prgrph">-your experience is yours

="lsts lst1">•attention
="lsts lst1">•judgement
="lsts lst1">•="trms">memory
="lsts lst1">•perception
="lsts lst1">•mediation

apperception ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">nature of intuition ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (a mobile and dynamic) conception of will ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> motor activity

19th century='lgc'>:
attention='lgc'> = will
character='lgc'> = unity
attention ='lgc'>==> mind ='lgc'>--='lgc'>{attention is plainly the essential condition of the formation and development of mind='lgc'>}, ="trms">systematic acquirement of knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge, for the control of passions and emotions
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> powerful accounts of the ="trms">nature of human subjectivity


practical or knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge ="trms">world of objects (the berlin ="trms">naturkunde museum)

attention became part of the ="trms">dense ="trms">network of institutional discourses/practices around which “the truth of perception was organised and structured”
not part of a “regime of power” rather part of a space in which new conditions of subjectivity were ="trms">articulated

19th century reconceptualization of attention='lgc'>: inevitable fragmentation of a visual field, an activity of ex="trms">="trms"nttrm="cluster,club">clusion, of rendering parts of a perceptual field unperceived ='lgc'>==>
="lstsrd">1. attention as expression of the conscious will of an autonomous subject, as free choice, part of that subject's self-constituting freedom
="lstsrd">2. attention as a function of biologically determined instinct, shaped our lived ="trms">relation to environment
="lstsrd">3. attentive subject could be produced and managed through the knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge and control of external procedures of stimulation='lgc'>: ="trms">technologies of attraction ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>--> formative component of a ="trms">modernized mass visual culture (in the West)='lgc'>: strategies of engaging an attentive ="trms">spectator='lgc'>: comedians smirking at the camera, ="trms">gesturing conjurers in magic film ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> a cinema that displays its visibility, rupturing a self-enclosed ="trms">fictional ="trms">world for a chance to solicit the attention of the ="trms">spectator; Gunning 1990='lgc'>]

="ppl">Hegel's understanding of attention as “the beginning of education”

(rationalizing possibilities of) psychometrics
a site of quantification
='lgc'>==> subjective operations of repression and anesthetization ='lgc'>~~='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="ppl">Freud

the model of an attentive human observer
compatible with ="trms">technical conditions, insignificant “="trms">interior” faculty, a set of effects that could be ="trms">measured externally
(="trms">technological transformation of physiology and psychology in the 19th century, development of electrophysiology ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> cultural ="trms">history of electricity)


behaviour with a ="trms">historical structure='lgc'>: a behaviour ="trms">articulated in terms of ="trms">socially determined norms and is part of the formation of a ="trms">modern ="trms">technological milieu

1879, Wundt's psychology laboratory in Leipzig, one of the practical and discursive spaces within ="trms">modernity in which human beings “problematized what they are.” ="ppl">="ppl">Foucault/
(Wundt's account defined attention ='lgc'>[= will='lgc'>] as one of the highest ="trms">integrative functions ='lgc'>[='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to ='at'>#="trms">integrative in ="ppl">Sennett='lgc'>], its essential role in producing an effective unity of consciousness)


part of the cultural logic of capitalism ="trms">demands that we accept as ="trms">natural switching our attention rapidly from one thing to another ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (capitalism as a) regime of reciprocal attentiveness and distraction


conceptualizer of a new economic and ="trms">social space based on the quantification and distribution of energy='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•Wener von Siemens
="lsts lst1">•Lord Kelvin='lgc'>: globalization of telegraphic ="trms">communication and subsequently in the commodification and ="trms">marketing of electric power (in England) ='lgc'>[telegraph='lgc'>: a ="trms">world of anonymous, decontextualized information; moved ="trms">history into the background and amplified the instant and ="trms">simultaneous ="trms">present/person='lgc'>]
="lsts lst1">•Edison='lgc'>: ="trms">transition to centralised corporate capitalism (in late 19th century)='lgc'>: his role in the emergence of a new ="trms">system of quantification and distribution, a ="trms">system for trans="trms">mission and reception as abstract processes, ways in which a space of ="trms">consumption and circulation could be dynamized/activated ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">social field of individual subjects could be arranged into increasingly separate and specialized units (of ="trms">consumption)
“Edison was a ho="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">listic conceptualizer and determined solver of the problems as="trms">sociated with the growth of ="trms">systems” (="ppl">="ppl">Crary > Hughes)
Edison is paradigmatic='lgc'>: ='strcls'>*the indistinction between information and visual images, and the making of quantifiable and abstract flow into the object of attentive ="trms">consumption. his grasp of some of the ="trms">systemic features of capitalism (in 1880s and 1890s) underscores the abstract ="trms">nature of the products he “invented”. his work is inseparable from the continual manufacturer of new needs and the consequent restructuring of the ="trms">network of ="trms">relations in which such products would be ="trms">consumed='strcls'>* ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> other participants in the same ="trms">historical project of perpetual rationalization and ="trms">modernization='lgc'>: Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, Andrew Grove, etc.

(kinetoscope and phonograph logic='lgc'>:) the structuring of perceptual experience in terms of a solitary rather than a collective subject ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> today's computer screen as the primary vehicle for the distribution and ="trms">consumption (of electronic commodities)

(late 20th century) management of attention ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- capacity of an observer to adjust to continual repatterning of the ways in which a sensory ="trms">world can be ="trms">consumed
='at'>@="frds scrmbld">Hoda


ADD
dubious classification of an attentive deficit disorder ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> durability of attention (posed as ='lgc'>[implicitly='lgc'>] ="trms">natural function) as a normative ="trms">category of institutional power
="prgrph">-="trms">social construction of illness
="prgrph">-now ADD is not linked to any weakness of the will
="prgrph">-in adults='lgc'>: any economic shortcoming or ="trms">social insecurity is now understandable in terms of a fai="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lure to apply oneself attentively to the ideologically determined standards of performance and “achievement”
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> in a culture that is so relentlessly founded on a short attention span, on the logic of the nonsequitur, on perceptual overload, on the ="trms">generalized ethic of “getting ahead,” on the celebration of aggressiveness, (="ppl">="ppl">Crary poses that it is nonsensical to pathologize attention in this culture, a double bind, in which the individual is caught between subjective dislocations of ="trms">modernization and imperative for institutional discipline and productivity)


(Miller ='at'>@="frds scrmbld">Zoumana) ...the unconscious as part of a ="trms">system in which ‘automatic’ behaviour was reciprocally ="trms">intertwined with the changing needs [...]