[...]br />
running in the park, a motif of selfhood, of individual freedom, finality of the possibility of soul from the enduring experience of active, willed effort in ="trms">relation to the body
='lgc'>==> moi='lgc'>: a re="trms">pository of self-initiated (mental physical) activity and free will
="prgrph">-running in park/city='lgc'>: a ="trms">priori believe in the self
="prgrph">-your experience is yours

="lsts lst1">•attention
="lsts lst1">•judgement
="lsts lst1">•="trms">memory
="lsts lst1">•perception
="lsts lst1">•mediation

apperception ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">nature of intuition ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (a mobile and dynamic) conception of will ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> motor activity

19th century='lgc'>:
attention='lgc'> = will
character='lgc'> = unity
attention ='lgc'>==> mind ='lgc'>--='lgc'>{attention is plainly the essential condition of the formation and development of mind='lgc'>}, ="trms">systematic acquirement of knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge, for the control of passions and emotions
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> powerful accounts of the ="trms">nature of human subjectivity


practical or knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge ="trms">world of objects (the berlin ="trms">naturkunde museum)

attention became part of the ="trms">dense ="trms">network of institutional discourses/practices around which “the truth of perception was organised and structured”
not part of a “regime of power” rather part of a space in which new conditions of subjectivity were ="trms">articulated

19th century reconceptualization of attention='lgc'>: inevitable fragmentation of a visual field, an activity of ex="trms">="trms"nttrm="cluster,club">clusion, of rendering parts of a perceptual field unperceived ='lgc'>==>
="lstsrd">1. attention as expression of the conscious will of an autonomous subject, as free choice, part of that subject's self-constituting freedom
="lstsrd">2. attention as a function of biologically determined instinct, shaped our lived ="trms">relation to environment
="lstsrd">3. attentive subject could be produced and managed through the knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge and control of external procedures of stimulation='lgc'>: ="trms">technologies of attraction ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>--> formative component of a ="trms">modernized mass visual culture (in the West)='lgc'>: strategies of engaging an attentive ="trms">spectator='lgc'>: comedians smirking at the camera, ="trms">gesturing conjurers in magic film ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> a cinema that displays its visibility, rupturing a self-enclosed ="trms">fictional ="trms">world for a chance to solicit the attention of the ="trms">spectator; Gunning 1990='lgc'>]

="ppl">Hegel's understanding of attention as “the beginning of education”

(rationalizing possibilities of) psychometrics
a site of quantification
='lgc'>==> subjective operations of repression and anesthetization ='lgc'>~~='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="ppl">Freud

the model of an attentive human observer
compatible with ="trms">technical conditions, insignificant “="trms">interior” faculty, a set of effects that could be ="trms">measured externally
(="trms">technological transformation of physiology and psychology in the 19th century, development of electrophysiology ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> cultural ="trms">history of electricity)


behaviour with a ="trms">historical structure='lgc'>: a behaviour ="trms">articulated in terms of ="trms">socially determined norms and is part of the formation of a ="trms">modern ="trms">technological milieu

1879, Wundt's psychology laboratory in Leipzig, one of the practical and discursive spaces within ="trms">modernity in which human beings “problematized what they are.” ="ppl">="ppl">Foucault/
(Wundt's account defined attention ='lgc'>[= will='lgc'>] as one of the highest ="trms">integrative functions ='lgc'>[='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to ='at'>#="trms">integrative in ="ppl">Sennett='lgc'>], its essential role in producing an effective unity of consciousness)


part of the cultural logic of capitalism ="trms">demands that we accept as ="trms">natural switching our attention rapidly from one thing to another ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (capitalism as a) regime of reciprocal attentiveness and distraction


conceptualizer of a new economic and ="trms">social space based on the quantification and distribution of energy='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•Wener von Siemens
="lsts lst1">•Lord Kelvin='lgc'>: globalization of telegraphic ="trms">communication and subsequently in the commodification and ="trms">marketing of electric power (in England) ='lgc'>[telegraph='lgc'>: a ="trms">world of anonymous, decontextualized information; moved ="trms">history into the background and amplified the instant and ="trms">simultaneous ="trms">present/person='lgc'>]
="lsts lst1">•Edison='lgc'>: ="trms">transition to centralised corporate capitalism (in late 19th century)='lgc'>: his role in the emergence of a new ="trms">system of quantification and distribution, a ="trms">system for trans="trms">mission and reception as abstract processes, ways in which a space of ="trms">consumption and circulation could be dynamized/activated ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">social field of individual subjects could be arranged into increasingly separate and specialized units (of ="trms">consumption)
“Edison was a ho="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">listic conceptualizer and determined solver of the problems as="trms">sociated with the growth of ="trms">systems” (="ppl">="ppl">Crary > Hughes)
Edison is paradigmatic='lgc'>: ='strcls'>*the indistinction between information and visual images, and the making of quantifiable and abstract flow into the object of attentive ="trms">consumption. his grasp of some of the ="trms">systemic features of capitalism (in 1880s and 1890s) underscores the abstract ="trms">nature of the products he “invented”. his work is inseparable from the continual manufacturer of new needs and the consequent restructuring of the ="trms">network of ="trms">relations in which such products would be ="trms">consumed='strcls'>* ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> other participants in the same ="trms">historical project of perpetual rationalization and ="trms">modernization='lgc'>: Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, Andrew Grove, etc.

(kinetoscope and phonograph logic='lgc'>:) the structuring of perceptual experience in terms of a solitary rather than a collective subject ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> today's computer screen as the primary vehicle for the distribution and ="trms">consumption (of electronic commodities)

(late 20th century) management of attention ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- capacity of an observer to adjust to continual repatterning of the ways in which a sensory ="trms">world can be ="trms">consumed
='at'>@="frds scrmbld">Hoda


ADD
dubious classification of an attentive deficit disorder ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> durability of attention (posed as ='lgc'>[implicitly='lgc'>] ="trms">natural function) as a normative ="trms">category of institutional power
="prgrph">-="trms">social construction of illness
="prgrph">-now ADD is not linked to any weakness of the will
="prgrph">-in adults='lgc'>: any economic shortcoming or ="trms">social insecurity is now understandable in terms of a fai="trms"nttrm="failure,blur,plur,lurk,tallur,slur">lure to apply oneself attentively to the ideologically determined standards of performance and “achievement”
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> in a culture that is so relentlessly founded on a short attention span, on the logic of the nonsequitur, on perceptual overload, on the ="trms">generalized ethic of “getting ahead,” on the celebration of aggressiveness, (="ppl">="ppl">Crary poses that it is nonsensical to pathologize attention in this culture, a double bind, in which the individual is caught between subjective dislocations of ="trms">modernization and imperative for institutional discipline and productivity)


(Miller ='at'>@="frds scrmbld">Zoumana) ...the unconscious as part of a ="trms">system in which ‘automatic’ behaviour was reciprocally ="trms">intertwined with the changing needs of conscious activity, in="trms"nttrm="cluster,club">cluding attention. in contrast to the custodial ="ppl">Freudian ="trms">interpretation, many 19th century psychologists saw the unconscious as “actively generating the processes which are ="trms">integral to ="trms">memory, perception, and behaviour. its contents are inaccessible not, as in psychoanalytic theory, because they are held in strenuously preventive detention but, more ="trms">interestingly, because the effective implementation of cognition and conduct does not actually require comprehensive awareness.

="ppl">Darwin='lgc'>: a certain kind of reactive attention was believed to be an essential part of human biology, ="trms">systematic ="trms">response to novel stimuli (visual, olfactory, or auditory)
="prgrph">-an attentive observer might appear motionless
="prgrph">-an ideo-motor ="trms">network of forces ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> that which immobilizes


(the structural psychology of) as="trms">sociationism (theories of knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge)

institutional discourse
="trms">techniques of the subject

attention (='lgc'>~= will) ='lgc'>~/= consciousness
(noncoincidence of attention with consciousness)
='lgc'><='lgc'>-- ="trms">modern shift to semantic and ="trms">semiotic frameworks of analysis
(from ="trms">epistemology ='lgc'>--to='lgc'>='lgc'>--> hermeneutics ='lgc'>: ="ppl">Mallarme, ="ppl">Nietzsche, ="ppl">Peirce, ="ppl">Wittgenstein, ="ppl">Heidegger ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> the ="trms">question of how a subject is provisionally constructed through ="trms">language and other ="trms">systems of ="trms">social meaning and value ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> termination of various analysis of consciousness ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">epistemological crisis


observer (once understood in terms of the essential subjectivity of vision) ='lgc'>==> attention became constitutive (and destabilizing) component of perception


unmediated givenness of sense ="trms">data ='lgc'>--='not'>✕='lgc'>='lgc'>--> cognition

="trms">community of ="trms">interpretation ='lgc'>: a shifting and ="trms">intervening space of ="trms">socially ="trms">articulated psychological functions, institutional imperative, and a wide range of ="trms">techniques, practices, and discourses relating to the perceptual experience of a subject in time ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> forms of exteriority in ="trms">modernity's account of [...]