[...]inds='strcls'>* ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>***why do they take the form that they do='qstn'>?='strcls'>*** ='lgc'>[='lgc'>=/= what ideology is beneath them ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> at the level of the latent contents (meaning) of a ="trms">symptom='lgc'>] ='lgc'>--bacteria='lgc'>='lgc'>-->
="lsts lst2">◦why do fantasies about ="trms">community, sex, death, deviance take the form of the bacteria='qstn'>?
="lsts lst2">◦what is it about bacteria that is so compelling that it provides a structure for this array of ="trms">phenomena='qstn'>? (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- we can ask that at art/artists use of biology)
='strcls'>***the problem of bacteria for humans='lgc'> = the problem of living with others='strcls'>***
bacteria ='lgc'>--think='lgc'>='lgc'>--> the problem of surviving in large, alienating, cross-infecting, co-dependent populations ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*metonymy between immunity ='and'>& ="trms">community='strcls'>*
="lsts lst1">•مجازمرسل metonymy ='lgc'>=/= structural similarity تشابه
='lgc'>==reveal='lgc'>='lgc'>==> disciplines of ='strcls'>*biology='strcls'>* and that of ='strcls'>*political organization='strcls'>* are closely related ='lgc'>[='lgc'>='lgc'>--> to understand fundamental concepts such as individuality and ="trms">agency we need to frame the immune ="trms">system not as a biological but a politico-psychic-physical ="trms">phenomena='lgc'>]
='strcls'>*munus='lgc'>: public service, duty
='lgc'>{munus='lgc'> = onus ='lgc'>+ officium, ="trms">obligation ='lgc'>+ office ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> root of ="trms">communitas='lgc'>}
co-munus='lgc'>: to be part of a ="trms">community='lgc'> = to be a giver and receiver of the munus, which has a kind of coercive connective power
="prgrph">-anyone outside this gifting cycle is described as “immune” (='at'>@="nms">apass)
="prgrph">-munus='lgc'>: a gift (a contractual ="trms">obligation that one has with the ="trms">community) that marks one's entry to ="trms">social life
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the immunity/="trms">community dynamic is a negative aporetic dialectic پویایی دیالکتیک آپورتیک منفی (='lgc'>=/= dichotomy دوگانگی) ='lgc'>~= immunity='lgc'>: a process that always involves an open ="trms">system of self-de="trms">finition that consistently produces self and other
antibacterial sinthome gives form to this ambivalent ="trms">position as individuals in ="trms">market ="trms">society ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> our lives are preoccupied with ='strcls'>*identifying and controlling enemies='strcls'>* and ='strcls'>*incorporating allies='strcls'>*
="lsts lst1">•combatting computer viruses
="lsts lst1">•fighting terrorism
="lsts lst1">•containing immigration
="lsts lst1">•controlling pandemics
="lsts lst1">•choosing ="trms">consumer objects
='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*immune mechanisms='lgc'>: identification, location, incorporation, expulsion='strcls'>* (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- we all do it, ="frds">Sina, ="frds scrmbld">Pierre, etc.)
='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]bacteria='lgc'>: indirect way of talking about the overpopulated, deviant, teeming, dissolutive ="trms">world we live in ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> terror of overwhelming dis="trms">integration of our individual being (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- artists want this='qstn'>?!)
='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]autoimmunity='lgc'>: when the human body ='lgc'>+ body politic goes into an overactive defense, seeking to strike at the enemy and cause harm to itself
life has become a complex of protective ="trms">systems that in turn attack us ='lgc'>--="ppl">Derrida='lgc'>='lgc'>--> democracy='lgc'>: an autoimmune ="trms">system
how autoimmune ="trms">systems can be ="trms">interrupted='qstn'>?
biophilic fantasies of bacteria as ='strcls'>*messmates='strcls'>*
='strcls'>*when we worry about bacteria, we worry about others='strcls'>*
='strcls'>*to have contact with ="trms">society is an unavoidable, necessary, disquisting, all-embracing gift='strcls'>*
(in West and elsewhere) individuals who identify their fellow citizens as undesirable obstacles to their freedom, health, wealth ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> antibacterial brands
(in Germany) ="trms">integration ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> overdeveloped sense of our own immunity
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='lgc'>[Mary Douglas='lgc'>]
bring bewitched (in Sudan, Azande) ='lgc'>~= finding oneself the victim of embezzlement اختلاس (for ="trms">modern person)
='lgc'>=/= fear (="trms">category of ="trms">horror)
dirt='lgc'> = disorder
eliminating dirt is a ="trms">positive effort to organize the environment (='lgc'>='lgc'>--> we are not removing something) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> creative movement
cleaning='lgc'>: to relate form to function, to make unity of experience
='lgc'>='lgc'>~~> part of the project of ="trms">religion (atonement)
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pollution='lgc'>:
="lstsrd">1. ="trms">instrumental ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> change someone's behavior
="lstsrd">2. expressive ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (a general view of) ="trms">social order
pollution ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> claim ='and'>& counter-claim to status
sex pollution ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>--> body pollution
sexual d="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">anger ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">symbole of ="trms">relation between parts of ="trms">society (hierarchy, collaboration, distinctiveness of ="trms">social units)
expressive over="trms">systematizing ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (sometimes) necessary to ="trms">interpret beliefs
="trms">cosmologies with pollution ="trms">symbol
reflection on dirt='lgc'> = reflection on ="trms">relation of order to disorder, being to non-being, form to formlessness, life to death
rules of purity ='lgc'>~= comparative ="trms">religion
(primitive='lgc'>:) sacredness ='lgc'>~= uncleanness
='lgc'>[an idea of='lgc'>] sanctity='lgc'> = (a little more than) prohibition ='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> to protect profanity from divinity
hindu ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> relative notion of pollution
cow dung is relatively pure to a Brahman priest, impure to a god
='strcls'>*respect ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>--> pollution='strcls'>*
="lsts lst1">•khak-e pa خاک پا (feet's dirt)
="lsts lst1">•dirt/dust as cleansing ="trms">agent
="lsts lst1">•
Frazer > ="frds scrmbld"nttrm="Robin,Robot,Robert,Robocop">Robertson Smith (old testament scholar)
taboo='lgc'>: restriction of man's arbitrary use of ="trms">natural things ='lgc'>+ super="trms">natural penalty (='lgc'>--inspire='lgc'>='lgc'>--> fear ='lgc'>+ precaution) ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> rules of uncleanliness
uncleanliness ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->
="lsts lst1">•super="trms">natural d="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">anger
="lsts lst1">•spiritual state of unworthiness (christianity)
="lsts lst1">•
i have a savage explanation...
='strcls'>*separation='strcls'>*
clean='lgc'> = set apart='lgc'> = holy
“primitive ='lgc'>=/= advanced” ='lgc'>:
='strcls'>**hyper attention to the ="trms">material circumstances of an act='strcls'>** ='lgc'>=/= christian (rules of holiness ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> motive ='and'>& dis="trms">position of ="trms">agent is important)
contact with corpse
contact with blood
theology='lgc'>: god man ="trms">relationship ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> assert (a de="trms">finition of) ="trms">nature of human
='strcls'>*most thinking men in the second part of 19th century were amateur ="trms">anthropologists='strcls'>*
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> confused dialogue between ="trms">anthropology ='and'>& theology
(Tylor='lgc'>:) the theory of progression='lgc'>: “civilization='lgc'> = gradual progress from an o="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">riginal state similar to that of savagery” ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='thdf'>the idea of general continuity of human culture ='lgc'>[='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to ="trms">integration='lgc'>]
“man='lgc'> = long process of (cultural) evolution”
what we do ='and'>& believe is fossil (petrified appendages)
="lsts lst1">•Tylor ='lgc'>--="trms">interest='lgc'>='lgc'>--> what quaint relics can tell us about the ="trms">past ='lgc'>==found='lgc'>='lgc'>==> folklore
="lsts lst1">•Smith ='lgc'>--="trms">interest='lgc'>='lgc'>--> common elements in ="trms">modern and primitive experience ='lgc'>==found='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ="trms">social ="trms">anthropology
Green
theory of moral progress
existence and recognition of ="trms">specific duties
self-sacrifice
reverence
man='lgc'> = unrealized ideal of a best (God)
='strcls'>*="trms">religion ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ethical values of ="trms">community life='strcls'>* (='lgc'>=/= speculative thought, exotic mythology, arbitrary ="trms">relationship of an individual person to super="trms">natural power...)
...
(moralizing human ="trms">society='lgc'> = ="trms">community)
(intellectual asset)
Durkheim
="trms">fictive abstract ="trms">nature of ="trms">religious entities ='lgc'>[with no ="trms">material reference='lgc'>] (='lgc'>='lgc'>==> fluid ="trms">liable contagious sacred ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> rituals of separation ='and'>& demarcation)
="lsts lst1">•gold and purple style of ="trms">writing (Golden Bough)
="lsts lst1">•“ethical meaning ='lgc'>=/= magical meaning”
non-sacred magic ='lgc'>=/=='qstn'>? sacred
magical belief ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>--> primitive hygiene
two assumptions of English nineteen century thought='lgc'>:
="lstsrd">1. ethical refinement is a mark of advanced civilization
="lstsrd">2. magic had nothing to do with morals or ="trms">religion
='lgc'>}='lgc'>==Frazer='lgc'>='lgc'>==> assigned evolutionary assumptions to human culture three ="trms">stages of development ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->='lgc'>{ “magic='lgc'>: primitive ="trms">science” ='lgc'>--to='lgc'>='lgc'>--> “="trms">religion='lgc'>: priestly ='and'>& political fraud” ='lgc'>--to='lgc'>='lgc'>--> “="trms">science” ='lgc'>}='lgc'><='lgc'>-- ="ppl">Hegelian dialectic
='lgc'>}='lgc'>--='not'>✕='lgc'>='lgc'>--> wisdom and philosophic depth of primitive cultures
Babylonian ='lgc'>+ Assyrian ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> “sin='lgc'> = ="trms">material impurity” ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> blood='lgc'>: sin-remover
(during ="ppl">Homer) ="trms">Greek thought ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> relatively free of ritual pollution
pollution concepts emerge later (expressed in classical drama)
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clean and polluted ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> man's destiny
(it seemed always we had a clean future)
the ='thdf'>bad idea of ='strcls'>*medical approach to ="trms">symbolism='strcls'>*
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comparative ="trms">religion ='lgc'>=/= medical ="trms">materialism
(for example Jewish and Islamic avoidance of eating pork is explained as due to the d="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">angers of eating pork in hot climate)
='strcls'>*hygienic basis='strcls'>* of (some) ancient rites
Moses's dietary rules ='lgc'>~~='not'>✕='lgc'>='lgc'>~~> enlightened public health administrator
Yoruba (cult of smallpox diety)
left hand to handle dirt
="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">right hand to eat
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(source of impurity ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->) all bodily e="trms">missions ='lgc'>~/= eating ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- a person is in the middle state of purity
india ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ground does [...]