[...]allies='strcls'>*
="lsts lst1">•combatting computer viruses
="lsts lst1">•fighting terrorism
="lsts lst1">•containing immigration
="lsts lst1">•controlling pandemics
="lsts lst1">•choosing ="trms">consumer objects
='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='strcls'>*immune mechanisms='lgc'>: identification, location, incorporation, expulsion='strcls'>* (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- we all do it, ="frds">Sina, ="frds scrmbld">Pierre, etc.)
='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]bacteria='lgc'>: indirect way of talking about the overpopulated, deviant, teeming, dissolutive ="trms">world we live in ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> terror of overwhelming dis="trms">integration of our individual being (='lgc'><='lgc'>-- artists want this='qstn'>?!)
='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]autoimmunity='lgc'>: when the human body ='lgc'>+ body politic goes into an overactive defense, seeking to strike at the enemy and cause harm to itself
="large lg2" stl="font-size:111%">
life has become a complex of protective ="trms">systems that in turn attack us ='lgc'>--="ppl">Derrida='lgc'>='lgc'>--> democracy='lgc'>: an autoimmune ="trms">system
how autoimmune ="trms">systems can be ="trms">interrupted='qstn'>?
biophilic fantasies of bacteria as ='strcls'>*messmates='strcls'>*
='strcls'>*when we worry about bacteria, we worry about others='strcls'>*
='strcls'>*to have contact with ="trms">society is an unavoidable, necessary, disquisting, all-embracing gift='strcls'>*
(in West and elsewhere) individuals who identify their fellow citizens as undesirable obstacles to their freedom, health, wealth ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> antibacterial brands
(in Germany) ="trms">integration ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> overdeveloped sense of our own immunity
="display:block;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:-1em;overflow:hidden;">...................................
='lgc'>[Mary Douglas='lgc'>]
bring bewitched (in Sudan, Azande) ='lgc'>~= finding oneself the victim of embezzlement اختلاس (for ="trms">modern person)
='lgc'>=/= fear (="trms">category of ="trms">horror)
dirt='lgc'> = disorder
eliminating dirt is a ="trms">positive effort to organize the environment (='lgc'>='lgc'>--> we are not removing something) ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> creative movement
cleaning='lgc'>: to relate form to function, to make unity of experience
='lgc'>='lgc'>~~> part of the project of ="trms">religion (atonement)
pollution='lgc'>:
="lstsrd">1. ="trms">instrumental ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> change someone's behavior
="lstsrd">2. expressive ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (a general view of) ="trms">social order
pollution ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> claim ='and'>& counter-claim to status
sex pollution ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>--> body pollution
sexual d="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">anger ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">symbole of ="trms">relation between parts of ="trms">society (hierarchy, collaboration, distinctiveness of ="trms">social units)
expressive over="trms">systematizing ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> (sometimes) necessary to ="trms">interpret beliefs
="trms">cosmologies with pollution ="trms">symbol
reflection on dirt='lgc'> = reflection on ="trms">relation of order to disorder, being to non-being, form to formlessness, life to death
rules of purity ='lgc'>~= comparative ="trms">religion
(primitive='lgc'>:) sacredness ='lgc'>~= uncleanness
='lgc'>[an idea of='lgc'>] sanctity='lgc'> = (a little more than) prohibition ='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> to protect profanity from divinity
hindu ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> relative notion of pollution
cow dung is relatively pure to a Brahman priest, impure to a god
='strcls'>*respect ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>--> pollution='strcls'>*
="lsts lst1">•khak-e pa خاک پا (feet's dirt)
="lsts lst1">•dirt/dust as cleansing ="trms">agent
="lsts lst1">•
Frazer > ="frds scrmbld"nttrm="Robin,Robot,Robert,Robocop">Robertson Smith (old testament scholar)
taboo='lgc'>: restriction of man's arbitrary use of ="trms">natural things ='lgc'>+ super="trms">natural penalty (='lgc'>--inspire='lgc'>='lgc'>--> fear ='lgc'>+ precaution) ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> rules of uncleanliness
uncleanliness ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->
="lsts lst1">•super="trms">natural d="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">anger
="lsts lst1">•spiritual state of unworthiness (christianity)
="lsts lst1">•
i have a savage explanation...
='strcls'>*separation='strcls'>*
clean='lgc'> = set apart='lgc'> = holy
“primitive ='lgc'>=/= advanced” ='lgc'>:
='strcls'>**hyper attention to the ="trms">material circumstances of an act='strcls'>** ='lgc'>=/= christian (rules of holiness ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> motive ='and'>& dis="trms">position of ="trms">agent is important)
contact with corpse
contact with blood
theology='lgc'>: god man ="trms">relationship ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> assert (a de="trms">finition of) ="trms">nature of human
='strcls'>*most thinking men in the second part of 19th century were amateur ="trms">anthropologists='strcls'>*
='lgc'>='lgc'>--> confused dialogue between ="trms">anthropology ='and'>& theology
(Tylor='lgc'>:) the theory of progression='lgc'>: “civilization='lgc'> = gradual progress from an o="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">riginal state similar to that of savagery” ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='thdf'>the idea of general continuity of human culture ='lgc'>[='lgc'>-='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ='gtrw'>go to ="trms">integration='lgc'>]
“man='lgc'> = long process of (cultural) evolution”
what we do ='and'>& believe is fossil (petrified appendages)
="lsts lst1">•Tylor ='lgc'>--="trms">interest='lgc'>='lgc'>--> what quaint relics can tell us about the ="trms">past ='lgc'>==found='lgc'>='lgc'>==> folklore
="lsts lst1">•Smith ='lgc'>--="trms">interest='lgc'>='lgc'>--> common elements in ="trms">modern and primitive experience ='lgc'>==found='lgc'>='lgc'>==> ="trms">social ="trms">anthropology
Green
theory of moral progress
existence and recognition of ="trms">specific duties
self-sacrifice
reverence
man='lgc'> = unrealized ideal of a best (God)
='strcls'>*="trms">religion ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ethical values of ="trms">community life='strcls'>* (='lgc'>=/= speculative thought, exotic mythology, arbitrary ="trms">relationship of an individual person to super="trms">natural power...)
...
(moralizing human ="trms">society='lgc'> = ="trms">community)
(intellectual asset)
Durkheim
="trms">fictive abstract ="trms">nature of ="trms">religious entities ='lgc'>[with no ="trms">material reference='lgc'>] (='lgc'>='lgc'>==> fluid ="trms">liable contagious sacred ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> rituals of separation ='and'>& demarcation)
="lsts lst1">•gold and purple style of ="trms">writing (Golden Bough)
="lsts lst1">•“ethical meaning ='lgc'>=/= magical meaning”
non-sacred magic ='lgc'>=/=='qstn'>? sacred
magical belief ='lgc'><='lgc'>='lgc'>--> primitive hygiene
two assumptions of English nineteen century thought='lgc'>:
="lstsrd">1. ethical refinement is a mark of advanced civilization
="lstsrd">2. magic had nothing to do with morals or ="trms">religion
='lgc'>}='lgc'>==Frazer='lgc'>='lgc'>==> assigned evolutionary assumptions to human culture three ="trms">stages of development ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->='lgc'>{ “magic='lgc'>: primitive ="trms">science” ='lgc'>--to='lgc'>='lgc'>--> “="trms">religion='lgc'>: priestly ='and'>& political fraud” ='lgc'>--to='lgc'>='lgc'>--> “="trms">science” ='lgc'>}='lgc'><='lgc'>-- ="ppl">Hegelian dialectic
='lgc'>}='lgc'>--='not'>✕='lgc'>='lgc'>--> wisdom and philosophic depth of primitive cultures
Babylonian ='lgc'>+ Assyrian ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> “sin='lgc'> = ="trms">material impurity” ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> blood='lgc'>: sin-remover
(during ="ppl">Homer) ="trms">Greek thought ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> relatively free of ritual pollution
pollution concepts emerge later (expressed in classical drama)
clean and polluted ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> man's destiny
(it seemed always we had a clean future)
the ='thdf'>bad idea of ='strcls'>*medical approach to ="trms">symbolism='strcls'>*
comparative ="trms">religion ='lgc'>=/= medical ="trms">materialism
(for example Jewish and Islamic avoidance of eating pork is explained as due to the d="trms"nttrm="danger,stranger">angers of eating pork in hot climate)
='strcls'>*hygienic basis='strcls'>* of (some) ancient rites
Moses's dietary rules ='lgc'>~~='not'>✕='lgc'>='lgc'>~~> enlightened public health administrator
Yoruba (cult of smallpox diety)
left hand to handle dirt
="trms"nttrm="righ,rigo,riga,rigi,trig,rign">right hand to eat
(source of impurity ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->) all bodily e="trms">missions ='lgc'>~/= eating ='lgc'><='lgc'>-- a person is in the middle state of purity
india ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ground does not act as a conductor
="nms">iran ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ground acts as a conductor
ritual pollution
ideas of dirt ='lgc'>--Douglas='lgc'>='lgc'>-->(also) express ="trms">symbolic ="trms">system
European ideas of defilement='lgc'>:
="lstsrd">1. dirt avoidance is a ="trms">matter of hygiene or ="trms">aesthetics (not ="trms">religion)
="lstsrd">2. ='thdf'>the idea of dirt is dominated by a knowl="trms"nttrm="knowledge,Knowledge">edge of pathogenic organisms (='lgc'><='lgc'>== 19th century discovery of bacteria)
(context of) pathogemicity
(old de="trms">finition of) ='lgc'>[='strcls'>*='lgc'>]dirt='lgc'>: ="trms">matter out of place
='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>==>
="lstsrd">1. ='strcls'>*where there is dirt there is ="trms">system='strcls'>* (dirt is not an isolated event) ='lgc'>='lgc'>-->='lgc'>{ ="trms">systemic ordering ='and'>& clarification of ="trms">matter ='lgc'>==byproduct='lgc'>='lgc'>==> dirt ='lgc'>}='lgc'>='lgc'>--> ="trms">symbolism (="trms">symbolic ="trms">system of purity)
="lstsrd">2.
="large lg3" stl="font-size:110%">
ominous compendium (a garbage collector)
schema='lgc'>: pattern-making tendency of perception
a filtering mechanism which at first only lets in sensations we know how to use
="large lg4" stl="font-size:112%">
rituals of separation ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> boundaries, margins, ="trms">internal links ='lgc'>='lgc'>--> total structure of thought ='lgc'>='lgc'>==> pollution ideas
="trms">book of Leviticus
="trms"nttrm="listen,alist,ilist,llist,olist,ylist,ulist">list of abomination='lgc'>:
="lsts lst1">•clean='lgc'>: frog,
="lsts lst1">•dirty='lgc'>: camel, hare, rock badger, some locusts, mouse, hippopotamus,
="lsts lst1">•='qstn'>?='lgc'>: chameleon, mole, cro="trms">codile,
eatable='lgc'>:
any ="trms">animal with hoof
c="trms">loven-footed
chews the cud (partly di="trms">gested food return to mouth for further chewing)
="large lg5" stl="font-size:130%">
don't eat='lgc'>:
raven after their kind (in agreement with one's ="trms">nature)
night hawk after their kind
the little owl, the great owl, the water hen
stork after their kind
hoo="trms">poe and bat
all winged insects are unclean for you
all clean winged things you may eat
everything in the water that has not fins and scales is an abomination to you
whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening
__they are unclean to you__
among[...]